186 



LOWER EOCENE FLOEAS OF SOUTHEASTEliX XOUTll AMERICA. 



gins outiro, somewliat uiululiito, as in tlio oxist- 

 iiis:; Kitgdhardtia sp'tatia lUuine. Toxt.uro cori- 

 tiocous. Midrib stout and gouorally ciu-ved. 

 Secondarios rather stout, prominent on the 

 knv<^r surface of the h>aflets, 10 to 12 opposite to 

 idte.rnate, subparallcl caniptodronie pairs; they 

 branch from tho michib at angles of 30° to 60°, 

 and pui-sue a rehitively straiglit eom-se to the 

 margmal region, where they curve upward 

 close to and subparallel with the margin. Ter- 

 tiaries thm, mostly porcurrent. 



This species is associated with the fruits de- 

 scribed as Engelhardtia mississippiensis Berry ' 

 at Early Grove, Miss., and E. purycarensis 

 Beriy at Pmyear, Temi., and was probably the 

 foUage of one or tho other of these Eocene trees. 

 Until this can be demonstrated it seems wisest 

 to describe the foliage under a distinctive 

 name, the one selected being m honor of the late 

 Baxon von Ettmgshausen, who was the first to 

 pouit out the true botiuiic position of the Engel- 

 hardtia fruits, so common in the European Oli- 

 gocene, which previously were referred to the 

 genus Cai-pinus. 



The species shows considerable variation in 

 size and relative proportions, the narrower 

 leaflets having more ascending secondariiis, but 

 no specific differences are discernible. Tho 

 limits of variation are wc^l shown by the speci- 

 mens figm-ed. They resemble Engelhardtia spi- 

 cata Bliune of the Asiatic region except m the 

 acuminate leaflets of that species. They are 

 still more like Engelhardtia chrysolepis Hance of 

 the southeastern Asiatic region, which has 

 petiolulate leaflets with enthe margins, blunt 

 tips, and mequdateral outlmes, exactly like the 

 fossil. The leaflets are not as large as those of 

 E. spicata and tlie secondaries are more ascend- 

 ing, m both of these featiu-es approachmg 

 nearer to the fossil form. Other modem spe- 

 cies have leaflets with toothed margins — a char- 

 acter m which there is much variation among 

 the Juglandales, both recent and fossil. The 

 present species occurs in the Raton formation 

 of the southern E-ocky Mountain province, a 

 horizon shghtly older than the Wilcox. A 

 specimen from Wickliffe that was referred to 

 Sainndus dubius by Lesquereu-x is mit^ucstion- 

 ably a leaf of this species, which was also col- 

 lected ivom the locality by L. C. Glemi. A 

 previously described fossil which is very close 

 to if not identical with the i)resent species, and 



> Berry, E. W., Am. Jour. Sci., 4th ser., vol. .U, p. 4'J4, ng. 1, 1'JU. 



which I consider a, species of Engelhardtia, is 

 descril)otl l)y Engelliardt - as Taplrla lunceolata 

 (iVnacardiacciE). It comes from the Tertiary 

 of Ecuador. 



Occurrence. — Grenada formation. Grenada, 

 Grenada County, Miss, (collected by E. N. 

 Lowe and E. W. Beny) : Holly Springs sand, 

 Early Grove and IIollv Springs, Marshall 

 County, Miss, (collected by E. W. Berry) . Wil- 

 cox group (common but fragmentary) , Benton, 

 Siiline County, Ark. (collected by R. E. CiiJl). 

 Lagrange fonnation (m beds of Wilcox ag(0, 

 Pmyear, Henry Comity, Tenn. (collectcHl by 

 E. W. Berry), and Wickliffe. Ballard County, 

 Ky. (collected by R. H. Louglu-idge and L. C. 

 Glenn) . 



Collections. — U. S. National Museum. 



Genus PAR.4ENGELHARDTIA Berry, n. gen. 



This genus has the characters of the type and 

 only known species. It is evidently allied to 

 Engelhardtia and probably represents a sur- 

 vivor of the ancestral stock from which Engel- 

 hardtia was derived. 



Paraengelhahdtia edcenica Beny, n. sp. 



Plate XVII, figures 2-5. 



Description. — The present genus and species 

 are based on bractcate fi'uits, which may be 

 described as follows: Involucre entire, not tri- 

 partite, orbicidar in general outlme, with a 

 short stout stalk. The distal margm has a 

 shallow, broadly romided sums on each side of 

 the apex, dividing the wing into three broadly 

 rounded or shortly pointed lobes. Base 

 rounded or decurrent to the pedimcle. Apex 

 broadly romided or, though preserving its 

 broadly rounded outline, it may be mucronate 

 jDomted. Lateral lobes broadly romided or in 

 some specimens pouited; the specimen showai in 

 Plate XVII, figm-e 4, is pointed on one side and 

 rounded on the other. The smallest specimen 

 figured was complete when collected and was 

 of the exact form mdicated by the dotted Ime; 

 that is, all tho lobes were rounded. It was 

 abraded during transit from the field and now 

 appears as shown by the photograph. Height 

 ranges from 1.6 to 2.75 centhneters. Maximmn 

 width ranges from 2.2 to 3.2 centimeters. 

 Marghis entire. Substance thin but somewhat 

 coriaceous. Venation thui and reticulate. 



= Engelhardt, H., Senckenbergische iiaturl. GescU. Abh., vol. 19, 

 p. 15, pi. 9, fig. 4, 1S95. 



