FAGALES. 



191 



tical venation, the principal point of (Uffcr(Mi(;c 

 l)eing tlie prominent dentate teetli of tlio Bel- 

 gian species. Dri/ophylluin iiioorii also shows 

 scnne resenihlance to the early Eocene sjjecies 

 Dryophylhim (Kpimnaruin Ward,' from lilaclc 

 Buttes, Wyo. 



Dryophylluiii moorii is fonnd in tlie flora of 

 the Raton formation of tlie southern Ro<5ky 

 Mountain iiro\-ince, a formation slightly older 

 than tlie Wilcox. 



Occurrence. — Ackerman formation, Hurleys, 

 Benton County (formerly part of Ti])]iah 

 County), Miss, (collected hy E. W. Hilgard); 

 Lagi'ange formation (in beds of Wilcox age), 

 Wickliffe, Ballard County, Ivy. (collected by 

 L. C. Cdenn). Wilcox groui). Old Port Caddo 

 LantUng, Little Cypress Bayou, Harrison 

 County, Tex. (collected by T. W. Vaughan). 



Collections. — U. S. National Musemn; State 

 University, Oxford, Miss. 



DuYcn'IlYLLUM TENNESSEENSIS BciTV, n. sp. 



Platrs XIX, figure (i, XX. figures 1-3, XXI, figures 1, 4, 

 and 5, and XXII, figure 2. 



Qiurcns cruKxiturrist. Lesquereux, .Vm. .lour. Sci., 'Jd 

 scr.. vol. 27, p. 3G4, 1859. 

 Lesquereux, Geology of Tennes.see, p. 427, pi. K, fig. 

 1, 18(19. (Not Qiicrcus cras.iinirria Goppert, 1852.) 

 Lougliridge, Report on the geologic and economic 

 features of the Jackson's purchase region, p. 196, 

 fig. 1, 1888. 

 Quercus i:i. aispidala (Kossni.) Ung. Lesquereux, U. S. 

 Nat. Mus. Proc, vol. 11. p. 12, 1888. 



Description. — Leaves predominantly lanceo- 

 late in outline, meriting the term ovate-lanceo- 

 late in a few broader specimens. Length 6 to 

 25 centimeters, average about 20 centimeters. 

 Maximum width ranges from 7.5 millimeters 

 to 6 centimeters; averages about 3.5 centi- 

 meters midway between the ape.x and the base 

 or somewhat nearer the base. l*'rom the 

 region of maximum width the leaf curves 

 gradiKxUy to the extended slender tip and the 

 naiTowly cuneate base. Margin entire for a 

 short distance proximad. Above tliis portion 

 it is beset with naore or less prominent, aquiline 

 serrate te(>th, directed upward and separated 

 by shallow inequilateral sinuses. Petiole very 

 stout, enlarged at the point of attachment, 

 tapering upward, from 3 to 5 centimeters in 

 length. Midrib relatively very stout, ])romi- 

 nent on the lower surface of the leaf. Seconda- 

 ries stout, very numerous, regularly spaced 



1 Ward, L. F., U. S. Gool. Survey Bull. .37, p. 26, pi. 10, fjgs. 2-4, 1887, 



at intervals of 3 to 6 millimeters, jiaraUel, 

 craspedodrome, opposite to ulternate. They 

 diverge from the miih'ib at diffi^i-cMit angles, 

 dependent on tiie width of the leaf, but tlie 

 average is about 45°; they are prominent on 

 tlie lower surface of the leaf, curve U])ward 

 slightly, the curve becoming mon^ ])ronounced 

 (list ad, and terminate in tiie niarguial teeth. 

 Tertiaries fine l)ut well marked, percurrent. 

 Te.xtiire coriaceous. 



This species is very abundant in the clays 

 ()f lleiir\' County, Tenn. It shows considerable 

 variation in size and relative slenderness, some 

 of tlie s])eciniens api)roaching Dryo]>]tyUum 

 pvryearciisis Berry in the latter character. It 

 is less variable in siz(^ than DryophyUutn nioorii 

 (Lesquereu.x) Berry, despite its much greater 

 aliundance in Ibe collections studied, and is 

 readily distinguished from both DryopJiyUum 

 moorii and DrijophyUuin puryearensis. The 

 nornial form can never he confused with Dryo- 

 phyUuin puryraren.^is and the more slender 

 forms may be distinguished by their stouter, 

 more numerous secondaries, their more numer- 

 ous and less ])roininent teeth, and by the tend- 

 ency in Dryophylhim puryenreni^is for a large 

 portion of the lower margins to be tootliless 

 and to have (■;am])todronie secondaries. Its 

 more important differences when compared 

 with Dryopliyllum moorii are mentioned in the 

 description of that species. A single fragment 

 of this species was collected by Saffcu'd many 

 years ago near Sonierville, Tenn., and was 

 described by Lesquereux ^ as Quercus crassi- 

 7iervis Unger. As far as I am aware Unger 

 n(>ver ajijjlied the name crassinervia to any 

 species of Quercus of which he was the original 

 describer, and Lesquereu.x undoubtedly^ referred 

 to Quercuii crassinervia described l)y Goppert 

 from the upper Miocene of Silesia (Tortonian). 

 The ])lant from Tennessee differs decidedlj' from 

 this European Miocene sjiecies, which Ettings- 

 hausen ^ subsequently refeiTed to Castanea 

 atavia Unger and which Scliimiier ' referred to 

 Castanea Icuhinyi Kovats. Quercus crassinervia 

 Goppert ■'' has much more prominent, outwardly 

 directed teeth, with deeper and more angular 

 sinuses, and is a less elongated leaf than Dryo- 



> Lesquereux, Leo, in Safford, J. 11., Geology of Tennessee, p. 427, 

 pi. K, (ig. 1, 1867. 



2 Ettijigshausen, C. von, K. Akad. Wiss. Wien Sitzungsber., Bd. 65, 

 .\lith. 1, p. 160, 1872. 



3 .«chimper, W. I'., PaMonloIogie vdgfit'jle, vol. 2, p. 610, 1S72. 



< Goppert, n. K., Deutsche geol. Gescll. Zeitschr., vol. 4, p. 491, 1.S.52; 

 Die tertiilro P'lora von Schos.snitz, p. 16, pi. 8, fig. 1, 1855. 



