220 



LOWER KOCENE FLORAS OF SOUTUEASTEKN XOKTU AMERICA. 



todrome ami tho roniaindcr are crasiKMlddromo, 

 one terminating at tiie ajxw of each niary;inal 

 tooth. T(Ttiarie< iiiimersed in the leal' sui)- 

 stanee. 



This remari<ahle species lieretofore confined 

 to the tvpe locahty in Wyonihiij is represented 

 by two reari()nal)ly ct)mplele specimens from 

 the strata near the base of the beds of Holly 

 Springs sand (middle Wilcox age) in Tennessee. 

 The tvpe was referred to the genus Viburnunr 

 by Xewbcrry, who, however, was very micer- 

 tain regarding its affmities. It has not the 

 characters of any hving or fossil Viburnums 

 witli which- I am familiar, and in my judgment 

 is certainly referable to the family Hamameli- 

 dacea?, more particularly to the subfamily 

 Hamamelidoidese-Parrotiese, such genera as 

 Parrotia C. A. Meyer and Fothergilla Linne 

 furnishing the closest comparisons. I have 

 referred i't to the genus Parrotia, which has 

 one or two existing species of the southwestern 

 Asiatic region and sLx or seven fossil species. 

 The genus makes its appearance m the Upper 

 Cretaceous and Parrotia grand identata Les- 

 fjuereux ' of the Dakota sandstone of Kansas 

 might well serve as the ancestt)r of the present 

 Eocene species. The genus has not heretofore 

 been recognized in the American Tertiary, but 

 is present in the Arctic Eocene and is repre- 

 sented in the European Oligoccne, Miocene, 

 and Pliocene by several not uncommon forms. 



Occurrence. — Lagrange formation (ui beds of 

 Wilcox age), Hatchie River near Shandy, 

 Hardeman County, Temi. (collected by L. C. 

 Johnson) . 



Collection. — U. S. National Museum. 



Family KOSACE^;. 



Genus CHRYSOBALANUS Linne. 



CiiRYSOBALANUs EOCENiCA Berry, n. sp. 



Plates XLIV, figures 4 and 5, and CXII, figures 8-10. 



Description,. — Fruit a drupe with a large 

 stone, about twice as wide as long, pointed at 

 the base and rounded distad, moi'e or less 

 angled witli longitudinal ridges. Size ranges 

 in the collected material from 1.1 to l..j centi- 

 meters in length and from 5 to 7 millimeters 

 in diameter. Fh-sh adherent, either thin in 

 life or greatly shrunken and dried, willi a hard 

 skin. 



These fruits differ from eacli oilier some- 

 wlial in size. They are not uncommon in tlie 

 clays at Puryear, Tenn., but are not especially 

 well jireserved, though very similar both in 

 size and ap|)earance to the dried fruits of 

 ClinjsdhaJdinis icaco Linne, as preserved in her- 

 l>arium material. From this it is probably to 

 lie iiifei'red tiiat in life these fruits were more 

 nearly globose ami the pulp was of consider- 

 able thickness. They may represent the fruits 

 of the same species whose foliage is described 

 as Cliri/sohalanufiinsequalis (Lesquereux) Berry. 



Chrysobalanus is a tropical and subtropical 

 genus of the Rosaceae represented in the existing 

 flora in the South Atlantic States by a low 

 shrubljy species that ranges from Georgia to 

 Alabama along the coast and by a second spe- 

 cies, more like the present fossil form, which as a 

 shrub or small tree (the cocoa plum) inhabits the 

 shores and keys of southern Florida and is 

 widely rlistributcd throughout the maritime 

 regions of tropical America, through the West 

 Indies to southern Brazil, and also is found 

 on the west coast of Africa from Senegambia 

 to the Kongo Free State. The African occur- 

 rences are frequently segregated to form a 

 third species. As in Laguncularia the distri- 

 bution of Clirysobalanus icaco would suggest 

 dissemination by ocean currents, a point well 

 worthy of the investigation of some botanic 

 student. A Pliocene species, C'lirysohalanus 

 prx-icaco, is recorded by Ettingshausen - from 

 the State of Bahia in Brazil, and the same 

 author records a Pliocene species from Croatia.^ 



Occurrence. — Grenada formation, Grenada, 

 Grenada Comity, Miss, (collected by E. N. 

 Lowe and E. W. BeiT}'). Lagrange formation 

 (in beds of Wilcox age), Puryear, Henry 

 County, Tenn. (collected by E. W. Berry). 

 Collections. — U. S. National Museum. 



Chrysobalaxus ix.EQi"ALis (Lesquercux) 

 Berrv. 



1892. 



Lesquereux, Leo. ('. s, <;eoI, .Survey Mon. 17. p. 1 10, pi. .'10, fit's. •2—1. 



Plate XLIV, figures 8-10. 



Elseagnus inxqualis. Lesquereux, Am. Jmir. Sci., 2d 



scr., vol. 27, p. 364, 1859. 

 Lesquereux, in Safford, J. M., Geology of Tennessee, 



p. 428, pi. K, fig. 7, 18(i9. 

 Loughridge, Report on the geological and economic 



featui'es of the Jackson's purchase region, p. 19U. 



fig. 7, 1888. 



2Krasser, F., K. Akad. Wfas. Wien Sitzunj;sber., Bd. 112, AM. 1, p. 

 8.59, 190:!. 



3 Ettingshausen, C. von, lieitrage zur Kenntniss der fossilen Flora von 

 Radoboj, p. 894, t870. 



