24 



ERICACEAE 



Geog. note. — Phyllodoce breweri is a characteristic alpuie species of the Sierra Nevada and 

 is quite confined to this range save for a few stations in the San Bernardino Mts. While present 

 on Lassen Peak it does not occur on Mt. Shasta nor iu the high montane country of Trinity Co. 

 or western Siskiyou Co. In these various northern areas it is replaced by Phyllodoce empetrif or- 

 mis. The ranges of these two allied species are, therefore, mutually exclusive. 



Locs. — Sierra Nevada : Sugar Pine Plat, A'iola road, se. Shasta Co., J. Grinnell; Lassen Peak, 

 Jepson 15,317; BrokeofE Mt., Tehama Co., J. Grinnell; Castle Peak, Nevada Co., Sonne; Grass 

 Lake, above Fallen Leaf, Ottley 806; Soda Springs Cafion above Kennedy Lake, Tuolumne Co., 

 A. L. Grant 490 ; Vogelsang Pass, above Yosemite, Jepson 3228; Chiquito Lake, Madera Co., Ken- 

 nedy : Nellie Lake, Fresno Co., A. L. Grant 1413; Evolution Creek, Fresno Co., E. Ferguson 463; 

 Bullfrog Lake near Kearsarge Pass, Jepson 839 ; Twin Lakes, Tulare Co., W. Fry 413 ; Mt. Whit- 

 ney, K. D. Jones. San Bernardino Mts. : San Gorgonio Peak, Muns 6202 ; Dollar Lake, Mum 

 12,648. 



Eefs. — Phyllodoce breweri Hel., Muhl. 1:1 (1900) ; Jepson, Man. 742 (1925). Bryanthus 

 breweri Grav, Proc. Am. Acad. 7:367 (1868), type loc. Woods Peak, Eldorado Co., Brewer; Jep- 

 son, Fl. W. Mid. Cal. ed. 2, 311 (1911). 



2. P. empetriformis D. Don. Cascade Heather. Dense cushion-like bush 



% to 2 feet high; leaf -blades microscopically serrulate, often obscurely so, 2i/^ to 6 



lines long; sepals mostly ciliolate; corolla campanulate, 

 2 to 3 lines long, the lobes much shorter than the tube; 

 style included or exserted. 



High montane slopes, 6200 to 9000 feet : Trinity and 

 Siskiyou Cos. North through the Cascade Mts. to 

 Alaska, east to Wyoming. June-July. 



Locs. — Rock Lake, ridge betw. New River and Salmon River, 

 J. P. Tracy 14,406 ; Devils Caiion Mts., head of New River, FranTc 

 Graham; Grizzly Creek, Trinity Co., Alexander 4' Kellogg 263; 

 Castle Lake, Trinity Mts., Condit ; Cuddihy Valley (ridge above), 

 w. Siskiyou Co., Jepson 2850; Shackelford Creek (head of), But- 

 ler 1686 ; Mt. Shasta, Congdon. 



Refs. — Phyllodoce empetbxfoemis D. Don, Edinb. New 

 Phil. Jour. 17:160 (1834); Jepson, Man. 743 (1925). Menzie- 

 sia empetriformis Sm., Trans. Linn. Soc. 10 :380 (1811), tj^je loc. 

 "west coast of North America", Memies. Bryanthus empetrifor- 

 mis Gray, Proc. Am. Acad. 7:367 (1868) ; Jepson, Fl. W. Mid. 

 Cal. ed. 2, 312 (1911). 



Fig. 285. Cassiope mer- 

 TENSIANA G. Don. a, fl. 

 branchlet, X % ; 6, long. sect. 

 of fl., X 2 ; c, stamen, X 6 ; 

 d, capsule, X 2^^. 



6. CASSIOPE D. Don 

 Diminutive alpine shrubs with heath-like stems. 

 Leaves evergreen, opposite (in ours), densely imbri- 

 cated, small, entire. Flowers solitary, nodding on slen- 

 der naked peduncles. Calyx of 4 or 5 ovate sepals. Corolla broadly campanulate, 

 in ours 5-lobed. Stamens 10 or 8; filaments subulate; anthers tipped with a pair 

 of recurved awns. Capsule globose, 4 or 5-celled, loculicidal, the valves soon 2- 

 cleft. — Species 7, North America, Europe and Asia. (Cassiope, wife of Cepheus 

 and mother of Andromeda.) 



1. C. mertensiana G. Don. Love Heather. (Figs. 285 and 286.) Tufted, 2 

 to 12 inches high, the stems covered throughout with thick fragrant leaves crowded 

 in 4 ranks; leaves ovate, keeled on the back, 1 to 2 lines long; peduncles lateral; 

 corolla white or rose-color, 3 lines long. 



Rocky ridges and slopes : Sierra Nevada, 7500 to 11,800 feet, from Tulare Co. 

 to Shasta Co.; Trinity Co. to western Siskiyou Co., 6800 to 7500 feet. North to 

 Alaska, east to Wyoming. July- Aug. 



Field note. — Cassiope mertensiana, an alpine species, develops massy colonies along rifts in 

 granite rocks, or it may, often, form a thin ground cover over extensive less broken areas. It is 

 one of the more common alpLnes in the Sierra Nevada. Beaching an altitude of 11,800 feet near 

 Muir Pass (Peirson), it is found as low as 7500 feet in the Lake Tahoe region. While known from 

 Lassen Peak, it has not been recorded from and probably does not occur on Mt. Shasta, but in- 

 habits several high Coast Range peaks westward. 



Locs. — Sierra Nevada: Mt. Brewer, Brewer 2805; Muir Pass, Leonard; Evolution Creek, 

 Fresno Co., E. Ferguson 466; Lake of the Lone Indian, Fresno Co., A. L. Grant 1541; Mt. Lyell, 



