34 ERICACEAE 



ber of species, but a very large number of minor forms of restricted habitat, perhaps as many as 

 eighty, which minor forms without doubt are more or less clearly associated with miuor climatic 

 areas and also have a relation to fault blocks and the geological history of the region. These 

 minor forms cannot be ignored, but the problem of associating them in specific units calls for 

 extended and close knowledge subject to searching and critical analyses of field materials, cultural 

 studies and results. 



Bibliog. — Parry, C. C, Arctostaphylos, Pacific Coast species (Proc. Davenp. Acad. 4:31-37, — 

 1882), Californian Manzanitas (Bull. Cal. Acad. 2:483-496,-1887). Eastwood, A., Manzanitas 

 of Mt. Tamalpais (Proc. Cal. Acad. ser. 3, 1:81-85, — 1897) ; Further observations on the Man- 

 zanitas of Mt. Tamalpais (I.e. 1:126-128, — 1S9S). New Manzanitas from Santa Cruz Isl. (Lflts. 

 W. Hot. 1:61-63,-1933); New species of Californian Arctostaphylos (1. c. 1:73-80,-1933); 

 Revision of genera related to Arctostaphylos (1. c. 1:97-100, — 1934) ; A revision of Arctostaphy- 

 los with key and descriptions (1. c. 1:105-127, — 1934) ; a useful paper as bringing together into 

 one view all Californian species published up to that time ; a special index to the paper is thought- 

 fully provided. Abrams, L. E., Uva-ursi (N. Am. Fl. 29:92-101,-1914) ; Notes on some type 

 specimens of Arctostaphylos (Lflts. W. Bot. 1:84-87, — 1934). Fernald, M. L., and Macbride, 

 J. F., The N. Am. variations of Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (Rhod. 16:211-313, — 1914). Macbride, 

 J. F., Arctostaphylos tomentosa Liudl. (Contrib. Gray Herb. 56:55, — 1918). Jepson, W. L., 

 Regeneration in Manzanita (Madroiio 1:3-11, pis. 1-2 and figs. 1-5, — 1916); Revision of the 

 Californian species of the genus Arctostaphylos (1. c. 1:76-86, 88-96, figs. 1-3,-1922); The 

 role of fire in relation to the differentiation of species in the chaparral (Proc. Fifth Intern. Bot. 

 Cong. Rep. Proc, Cambridge, England, 1930: 114-116,-1931). Merriam, C. H., Two new Man- 

 zanitas from the Sierra Nevada of California (Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 31:101-103, pis. 2-5, — 

 1918). Howell, J. T., Field notes on the Manzanitas of Santa Cruz Island (Lflts. W. Bot. 1 :63- 

 64, — 1933). Adams, J. E., Some observations on two species of Arctostaphylos (Madroiio 2: 

 147-152, figs. 1-8, — 1934) ; A systematic study of the genus Arctostaphylos Adans. (1935, ms.). 



A. Dwarf or procumbent or low shrubs Vi to 2 feet high (nos. 4 and 7 sometimes up to 4 or 7 



feet high) ; leaves small, mostly 4 to 7 (or 12) lines long; berry glabrous. 



Seashore species or species near the coast line. 



Ovary glabrous; pedicels glabrous or nearly so. 



Leaves mostly obovate, rounded or obtuse at apex. 



Leaves both sides alike; berry mostly pink or red 1. A. uva-ursi. 



Leaves green above, pale beneath ; berry brown 2. A. pumila. 



Leaves ovate or obovate, shortly acute at apex, both sides alike; berry brovra 



3. A. liookeri. 



Ovary white-hairy; apex of leaves mostly short-acute 4. A. nummularia. 



Sierra Nevada species ; ovary glabrous. 

 Bark smooth ; leaves green. 



Stems procumbent, forming a rough mat; branchlets puberulent; high Sierra Nevada 



and high northern ranges 5. A. nevadensis. 



Stems spreading, forming low shrubs % to 1%, feet high; branchlets hirsute or bristly; 



Amador Co. foothills 6. A. myrtifolia. 



Bark rough ; leaves white-glaucous (at least in age) ; stems erect, 4 to 7 feet high ; branchlets 

 villous; Eldorado Co. foothills 7. A. nissenana. 



B. Erect or spreading robust shrubs mostly 4 to 10 feet high (nos. 18, 19 and 20 often 2 or 3 



feet high) ; leaves larger, mostly 1 to 2 inches long. 



1. Ovary glabrous (except in no. 17); leaves and hrancldets glabrous or essentially so, at most 

 puberulent, never hirsute or bristly (glandular-hairy in no. 17). 



Pedicels not glandular or only obscurely or minutely so; berry glabrous, not glandular (except in 

 A. elegans). 

 Panicles very dense ; peduncles and rachises minutely glandular, not pubescent ; leaves dark 



green ; higher forest belt, chiefly Sierra Nevada 8. A. patula. 



Panicles more open ; peduncles and rachises not glandular. 



Branches disposed to be erect and straightish ; peduncles and rachises glabrous or nearly 

 so ; leaves bright green, glossy. 

 Corolla pink ; berry not glandular ; North Coast Ranges, mostly the middle range, 



and Mt. Diablo 9. A. stanfordiana. 



Corolla white; berry all over glandular; Lake Co 10. A. elegans. 



Branches crooked, spreading vsddely. 



Leaves obtuse or acute, more than 1 inch long. 



