46 ERICACEAE 



Locs. — Volcano, Amador Co., K. Brandegee ; Murphya Camp, Calaveras Co., Davy 1525; 

 Yankee Hill, Columbia, Jepson 6450 ; Confidence, Tuolumne Co., Jepson 7695 ; Big Creek, Big 

 Oak Flat road, Jepson 8341 ; Snow Creek trail, Yosemite, Jepson 10,498 ; El Portal, Merced Eiver, 

 Jepson 5671 ; Chowehilla School, Mariposa Co., Jepson 12,792 ; Table Mt., Fresno Co., Jepson 

 15,122; Pine Eidge, Fresno Co., Jepson 16,103; Balch Park, Tulare Co., Peirson 11,826; betw. 

 Kernville and Gleiiville, Peirson 8849. 



Var. bivisa Jepson. Leaves dark green, 1% to SVz inches long; branchleta glandular-hairy 

 and somewhat dusky ; berry whitish or somewhat lucent. — Yosemite Park : Hetch-Hetchy, Jepson 

 3452 ; near Wawona. 



Refs. — Arctostaphtlos maeiposa Dudley; Eastw., Sierra Club Publ. 27:52 (1902), "Mill- 

 wood and King's River Canon," Eastwood ; Jepson, Man. 746 (1925) . Uva-ursi mariposa Abrams, 

 N. Am. Fl. 29:99 (1914). Var. bh'Isa Jepson, Madrono 1:79 (1922), type loc. Wawona, Mari- 

 posa Co., Jepson 5658. A. jepsonii Eastw., Lflts. W. Bot. 1:119 (1934), type loo. SteUa Lake, 

 Wawona, J. T. Howell 17. 



18. A. glandulosa Eastw. Eastwood Manzanita. Small or medium-sized 

 shrub 2 to 3 (or 7) feet high with many stems arising from a widely spreading root- 

 crowu ; stems with smooth bark ; branehlets, peduncles and pedicels with a dusky 

 more or less glandular indument or tomentum, sometimes the branehlets also bear- 

 ing scattered and usually short spreading bristles which are more or less glandular ; 

 leaf -blades ovate to elliptic or oblong, mostly acute, rounded or subcordate at base, 

 dark or yellowish green and often somewhat glandular, most commonly glabrous 

 or apparently so, or sometimes with a fine pubescence, 1 to 1% inches long ; pedicels 

 glandular-hairy, the glandulosity often obscure, the hairs not dense, often thin and 

 scattered; flowers in rather small and very compact clusters, white or pinkish; 

 bracts lanceolate, the lower foliaceous; anther awns red; ovary white-hairy; berry 

 globose or more commonly depressed, glabrate or under a lens usually showing 

 very short very scattered white hairs, not at all glandular or sometimes viscid- 

 glandular ; nutlets distinct, rugose and ridged on the back. 



On broken sandstone, 500 to 5000 feet : Coast Ranges from Del Norte Co. to 

 San Luis Obispo Co. ; south to San Diego Co. Mar. 



Biol. note. — Guarded statements as to the validity of Arctostaphylos glandulosa Eastw. have 

 been expres.sed by its author (Proc. Cal. Acad. ser. 3, 1 :127, — 1898), but it is fortunate that it is, 

 in its type locality and in many other localities, a shrub with so strongly marked characters. Its 

 capacity for reaction to chaparral fires is highly developed. The shrub is not killed outright by 

 fire, since it regenerates from the base by new shoots. Woody tuber-like bodies are formed on 

 the root-cro\vii. These structures under the influence of repeated fires develop horizontally into 

 broad or circular woody platforms of irregular outline (Fig. 291). On the Pipe Line Trail on 

 Mt. Tamalpais many large root-crowns have been measured : one circle 6 feet 6 inches by 5 feet 

 appeared as if composed of woody knots or partly burned chunks irregularly disposed on the 

 surface or lying partly buried in the soil ; another circle 8 feet 7 inches by 5 feet 8 inches was very 

 perfect (Jepson Field Book, 28:60. 1914. ms.). These platforms possess the capacity to send up 

 numerous shoots after fire. Successive chaparral fires burn the root-crown to some degree, as well 

 as kUling the crown of the shrub, but the effect of this injury is, like th.it of artificial scarifying, 

 stimulating to lateral gro'svth of the woody platform. The contrary effect, that is, complete de- 

 struction, is exceptional. Following accumulation of inflammable material over a period of many 

 years the occurrence of fire in combination with days of low humidity, high insolation and north 

 winds of gale force may result in destroying occasional root crowns. But even after intense 

 chaparral fires the regenerative vitality of the shrub is very great. On one square inch of root- 

 crown one of my students, W. C. Mathews, follomng a chaparral fire on Mt. Tamalpais, counted 



47 sprouts. So it is that these shrubs become many-stemmed in a peculiar way. They are com- 

 monly 2 to 3 feet high, their stems rarely ever becoming more than 1 or 2 inches in diameter. 

 Nor is it merely the number of the stems from the platform which is significant: other fire re- 

 actions are interesting, as for example, the earliest leaves on these regeneration shoots are coarsely 

 serrate, which is, doubtless, the case in many species of the genus. 



Locs. — Grasshopper Ridge, Canoe Creek, w. Humboldt Co., Jepson 16,479 ; Chamise Mt., n. 

 of Bell's Sprs., n. Mendocino Co., Tracy 13,321 ; Red Mt., n. Mendocino Co., Jepson 16,523 ; South 

 Mill Creek (head of), Ukiah, Jepson 9246; Mt. Konocti, Blanlcinship ; Miller Canon, Vaca Mts., 

 Jepson 14,702 ; Twin Sisters Peak, Napa Range, Jepson 2391 : Rock Spr., Mt. Tamalpais, Jepson 

 6802; Santa Cruz Isl.; Sycamore Canon, Santa Inez Mts.; Echo Mt., San Gabriel Mts., Peirson 

 142; Chalk Hill, San Jaeiuto Mts.; Santiago Peak, Orange Co.; San Diego; Cuyamaca. 



Refs. — Arctostaphtlos qlanddlosa Eastw., Proc. Cal. Acad. ser. 3, 1:82 (1897), type 

 loc. Mt. Tamalpais, Eastwood; Jepson, Man. 749 (1925). A. intricata Howell, Fl. Nw. Am. 416 



