56 ERICACEAE 



and carry a twangy taste. These two forms are not ecological ; sun or shade, forest or cut-over 

 lands do not alter their character. In Humboldt County J. P. Tracy has observed that black- 

 berried bushes may have fruit as early, as large and as good-flavored as glaucous-fruited bushes 

 growing beside them ; but it is true that the glaucous berries are more generally large, tender 

 and sweet. 



Eefs. — Vaccinium ovatum Pursh, Fl. 290 (1814), tvpe loc. Columbia Eiver, Lewis; Jepson, 

 Fl. W. Mid. Cal. 373 (1901), ed. 2, 315 (1911), Man. 751, fig. 732 (1925). Var. saporosum 

 Jepson, Man. 751 (1925), type loc. Gualala, Mendocino Co., Eobt. Brandt. 



VACCiNrcM MACROCARPON Ait., Hort. Kew. ed. 2, 2:13, pi. 7 (1789). Oxycoccus macrocarpus 

 Pursh, Fl. 263 (1814). American Cranberry. (Subgenus OsTCOccus.) Stems slender, ascend- 

 ing, simple or sparingly branched, 5 to 7 inches high, rather densely clothed with evergreen leaves ; 

 leaf-blades oblong, the margin revolute, green and shining above, whitened or pale below, 3 to 

 5 lines long ; petioles ^4 line long ; flowers 1 to 4 in a terminal cluster, borne on long filiform 

 pedicels; corolla pink or pale rose-color, deeply 4-parted, the lobes lanceolate, reflexed; anthers 

 exserted, awnless; berry globose, red, 4 to 5 lines in diameter. — Bogs or sphagnum swamps, New- 

 foundland to Arkansas. Also found (doubtless introduced) in a swamp (old hydraulic diggings) 

 near North Columbia (1 mi. s.), Nevada Co., 3000 feet, L. S. Smith (det. by W. A. Dayton). 



13. CHIMAPHILA Pursli. Pipsissewa 



Low perennial evergreen suffruteseent plants. Leaves in irregular whorls or 

 a little alternate, seiTulate. Flowers white or pink, waxy, in a terminal naked 

 corymb. Calyx 5-parted. Corolla rotate; petals 5, distinct, orbicular, concave, 

 spreading. Stamens 10; filaments with a conspicuous roundish dilation. Stigma 

 orbicular-peltate, crowning the ver^' short style which is concealed in the iimbili- 

 cate summit of the ovary. Capsule 5-celled, dehiscent from above downwards. — 

 Species 5, North America, Europe and Asia. (Greek cheima, winter, and phileo, 

 to love, the plants evergreen.) 



Leaves oblanceolate, many; peduncles 3 to 6-flowered 1. C. umiellata. 



Leaves ovate, few; peduncles 1 to 3-flowered 2. C. menziesii. 



1. C. umbellata Bart. var. occidentalis Blake. Prince's Pine. Stems often 

 simple, 6 to 10 or 12 inches high, bearing several clusters or whorls of leaves and 

 a tei-minal 3 to 6-flowered peduncle; leaf -blades oblanceolate, varying to oblong, 

 sharply serrulate from near the base. IV2 to 2V2 inches long; petioles 1 to 3 lines 

 long; flowers 3 lines broad, pinkish or flesh-color; filaments with a roundish dilation 

 at base which is hairy on the margin only. 



Pine woods or brushy slopes, 1000 to 6000 (or 9000) feet, rather common : San 

 Jacinto and San Bernardino mountains; Sierra Nevada from Tuolumne Co. to 

 Modoc Co. and eastern Siskiyou Co.; North Coast Kanges from Lake Co. to western 

 Siskiyou Co. North to British Columbia, ea.st to Colorado. June- Aug. In the 

 Sierra Nevada this species is a rarity south of Eldorado Co. 



Locs. — S. Cal.: Saunders Mdw., San Jacinto Mts., C. V. Meyer 451 ; South Fork Santa Ana 

 Elver, San Bernardino Mts., Peirson 49C4 ; Dollar Lake, San Bernardino Mts., Feirson. Sierra 

 Nevada: "Big Oak Flat road" (probably Tuolumne Co.), J. A. Midgway; Glen Alpine, Eldorado 

 Co., McGregor ; Pioneer road sta.. North Fork Yuba Eiver, Jepson 16,830; Eieh Pt., Plumas Co., 

 Jepson 10,634; Digger Creek, e. Shasta Co., J. Griniiell: Mt. Shasta, Copeland 432; Forestdale, 

 sw. Modoc Co., Nutting: Lassen Creek, Warner Mts.. L. S. Smith 162. North Coast Eanges: 

 Mt. Sanhedrin, Eeller 5935 ; Squaw Creek, South Fork Eel Eiver, Constance 873 ; Kneeland 

 Prairie, Chesnut J- Dreiv ; betw. Dyers ranch and Hawkins Bar, w. Trinity Co., Jepson 1989 ; betw. 

 Salmon Forks and Salmon Summit, Jepson 2088; Sisson, Siskiyou Co., Jepson 14,654; Shackel- 

 ford Creek, w. Siskiyou Co., Butler 58 ; Dunn Creek, ne. Del Norte Co., Jepson 18,528. 



Eefs. — CHIMAPHILA UMBELLATA Bart., Veg. Mat. Med. U. S. 1:17, t. 1 (1817) ; Nutt., Gen. 

 1:274 (1818). Pyrola umbellata L., Sp. PI. 396 (1753"), tvpe from Europe. Var. occidentalis 

 Blake, Ehod. 19:242 (1917). C. occidentalis Eydb., N. Am. Fl. 29:30 (1914), type loc. Pine 

 Creek, near Farmington, Latah Co., Ida., Sandberg, McDougal <)?• Heller 519. C. umbellata Jep- 

 son, Fl. W. Mid. Cal. 368 (1901), ed. 2, 309 (1911), Man. 736 (1925). 



2. C. menziesii Spr. "Western Pipsissewa. More or less branched from the 

 base, 3 to 6 inches high; leaf -blades ovate, mostly acute, serrulate or entire, % to 



