62 



ERICACEAE 



Montane, nnder pines and firs : Sierra Nevada, 6000 to 8700 feet, from Tulare 

 Co. to Siskiyou Co.; North Coast Ranges, 2000 to 7000 feet, from Sonoma Co. to 

 Del Norte Co. North to Washington. June-July. 



Locs. — Sierra Nevada: Giant Forest, Xeidon 43; Kaiser Ridge, Jepson, 13,257; Porcupine 

 Flat, Yosemite, Hutchinson Sr LeConte ; Philips sta., Eldorado Co., C. W. Cadle ; Cascade Lake, 

 near Lake Tahoe, Newlon; Tinkers KJnob, Placer Co., Sonne 437; Mt. Shasta, Jepson 14,651. 

 North Coast Ranges: Annapolis, Sonoma Co. (Madrono 4:138); Signal Ridge near Yorkyille, 

 W. TV. Carruth; Soldier Ridge, se. Trinity Co., Jepson 14,652; Trinity Summit, Jepson 2117; 

 Marble Mt., Chandler 1546 ; Quartz Creek to Jones Creek, Del Norte Co., Jepson 2892. 



Refs.— Allotropa virgata T. & G., Pac. R. Rep. 62:80 (1857), type loc. Cascade Mts., Ore., 

 FicTcering 4- Braelenridqe ; Jepson, PI. W. Mid. Cal. 367 (1901), ed. 2, 310 (1911), Man. 738 

 (1925). 



17. MONOTROPA L. 



Glabrous waxy-white herbs whieli turn black on drying. Stems scape-like, 

 scaly, springing in a cluster from a ball of matted roots and ending in a solitary 



uodding flower. Sepals 2 to 4, scale-like or bract- 

 like, deciduous. Petals 5 or 6, distinct, oblong, 

 dilated a little at apex, erect, tardily deciduous. 

 Stamens twice as many as the petals; anthers some- 

 what reniform, opening at first by two transverse 

 chinks, at length 2-valved, the valves almost equal 

 and spreading. Ovary 10-grooved, 5-celled; style 

 short, thick; stigma fuunelform, naked, obscurely 

 crenate. Disk at base of ovary with 8 to 12 slender 

 deflesed teeth. Seeds numerous, minute. — Species 

 3, North and South America and Asia. (Greek 

 mono, one, and tropos, turned, the flower drooping. ) 



1. M. uniflora L. Indian Pipe. (Fig. 313.) 

 Stem 4 to 7 inches high; flower 8 to 10 lines long; 

 petals saccate at base, the teeth of the disk project- 

 ing into the sacs. 



Dark damp woods, 100 to 2000 feet : Del Norte 

 Co. North to Alaska, east to Newfoundland and 

 Florida; Mexico. Asia. July- Aug. 



Geog. note. — While by no means common, Monotropa 

 uniflora is widely distributed almost throughout the United 

 States except in arid regions. In California it has been found 

 only in Del Norte Co., where it grows in deep Redwood for- 

 ests: betw. Fort Dick and Bear Creek, Mnhy Van Deventer; 

 divide betw. Mill Creek and Wilson Creek, aec. E. Fritz. The 

 cluster of young stems when first starting to grow from the 

 matted underground ball presents a markedly fungoid aspect. 

 Sp. PI. 387 (1753), "Marilandia, Virginia, Canada"; Jep- 



'^ 



Fig. 313. Monotropa uniflora 

 L. a, habit, X % ; b, long. sect, 

 of fl., X 1 ; c, anther, X 7 ; d, cross 

 sect, of ovary, X 1%. 



Refs. — Monotropa uniflora L., 

 son, Man. 738 (1925). 



18 



HYPOPITYS Hill 



White, yellowish or reddish saprophytic herbs with scaly simple stems arising 

 from a ball-like cluster of matted fibrous roots. Raceme several to many-flowered, 

 at first nodding, soon erect. Flowers yellowish-white or -red, mostly 3 or 4-merous, 

 the terminal usually 5-merous. Sepals 2 and lateral, or a third one in front, or a 

 fourth behind. Petals 3, 4 or 5, distinct, each bearing a gibbous nectary on each 

 side at base. Stamens 6 to 10; filaments pubescent; anthers reniform, the cells con- 

 fluent, opening by 2 valves. Ovary 4 to 7-celled ; style columnar, expanding at sum- 

 mit into an umbilicate stigma. Disk with 8 to 12 .short deflexed teeth. Capsule 

 ovate-globose, the placentae covered with numerous minute seeds. — Species about 

 3, North America, Europe and Asia. (Greek hypo, beneath, and pitus, fir, on 

 account of the habitat.) 



