HYDROPHYLLACEAE 223 



HYDROPHYLLACEAE. Phacelia Family 



Herbs or shrubs with opposite or alternate leaves. Flowei-s complete, regular, 

 5-merous (except the superior ovary which is 1 or 2-celled), borne in racemes or 

 spikes (often scorpioid) , or in heads, or solitary. Calyx 5-parted or -divided. Sta- 

 mens 5, inserted near the base of the corolla, alternate witli its lobes, which are im- 

 bricate in the bud. Ovary superior. Styles 1, entire or often more or less 2-cleft at 

 apex, or 2 and distinct. Fruit a 1-celled capsule or partly or quite 2-celled by the 

 intrusion of the parietal placentae or their union in the axis; valves 2, rarely 4. 

 Seeds few or many. Seed-coat usually pitted, the cavities regular and honeycomb- 

 like, or sometimes rugulose. Embryo small, in abundant endosperm. — The calyx- 

 lobes are almost distinct in Hydrophyllum, Phacelia, Nama, Eriodictyon, Tricardia 

 and Ivomanzoffia. Scales or thin projecting lamellae are borne on the lower part 

 of the corolla-tube inside in Hydrophyllum, in most species of Nemophila and Pha- 

 celia and very minute ones in Miltitzia. Sometimes narrow scale-like wings are 

 borne on the base of filaments in a few species of Phacelia, Nama and Eriodictyon; 

 these structures are, in terminology, distinguished from scales. The ovary is half- 

 inferior in Nama stenocarpum. — Genera 18, species about 250, all continents except 

 Australia. 



Bibliog. — Bentham, Geo., Eeview of the order Hydrophyllaceae (Trans. Linn. Soc. 17:267- 

 282,-1837). Gray, A., Nama Linn. (Proc. Am. Acad. 5 :337-,338,— 1862) ; Nama L. (I.e. 8:282- 

 283, — 1870) ; [Note on CoUomia], I.e. 17:223, — 1882; Conspectus of the N. Am. Hydrophyllaceae 

 (Proc. Am. Acad. 10:312-332,-1875); [Notes on] Hydrophyllaceae (I.e. 19:87-88,-1883). 

 Watson, S., Nama (Bot. King 460, — 1871). Eastwood, A., Two species of Eriodictyon heretofore 

 included under Eriodictyon tomentosum (Proc. Cal. Acad. ser. 3, 1:129-131, pi. 10, figs. 2a-c, — 

 1898). Brand, A., Beitriige zur Kenntnis der Hydrophyllaceen (Jahresb. Kgl. Gymnas. Sorau, 

 no. 102, — 1911); Die Hydrophyllaceen der Sierra Nevada (Univ. Cal. Publ. Bot. 4:209-227, — 

 1912) ; Hydrophyllaceae (Engler, Pfizr. 4-''^i : 1-210, figs. 1-39, — 1913). Maebride, J. F., Notes 

 on the Hydrophyllaceae (Contrib. Gray Herb. 49:23-47, — 1917). Hitchcock, C. L., A ta.xonomic 

 study of the genus Nama (Am. Jour. Bot. 20:415-430, pi. 27, 518-534, — 1933). Constance, L., 

 The genus Eucrypta (Lloydia 1:143-152, — 1938) ; The genera of the tribe Hydrophylleae of the 

 Hydrophyllaceae (Madrofio 5:28-33, — 1939); The genus Pholistoma Lilja (Bull. Torr. Club 

 66:341-352, pi. 7,-1939) ; The genus EUisia (Rhod. 42:33-39,-1940). 



A. Ovary 1-celled, its parietal placentae in age expanded and thin, forming sac-Wke linings on each 



side of the cell; style 2-cleft at apex; flowers not scorpioid; herbs, widely distributed. 



Stamens longer than corolla ; flowers in head-like clusters ; leaves alternate or mainly basal ; peren- 

 nials 1- Hydeophyllum. 



Stamens shorter than corolla; flowers in racemes or solitary; leaves (at least the lower) opposite 

 (alternate in Eucrypta micrantha) ; annuals. 

 Ovules borne on the face of the placentae; calyx with appendages (except Ellisia membra- 

 nacea) ; mostly diffuse or trailing or climbing plants. 

 Flowers solitary and axillary; leaf -blades rather narrow, rather finely pinnately divided 



in most species '. 2. Nemophila. 



Flowers in racemes and also solitary, the raceme usually borne in the axil of a leaf set at 

 the base of a 1-flowered peduncle; leaf -blades rather broad, coarsely and pin- 

 nately parted 3. Ellisia. 



Ovules borne on both the face and back of the membranous placentae ; calyx without append- 

 ages ; leaves 1 to 3 times pinnately parted 4. Eucrypta. 



B. Ovary more or less falsely 2-celled (the placentae protruded into the cavity on partial partitions 



and often approximate in center or sometimes meeting), or 1-celled with 

 the placentae narrow and strictly parietal. 

 Ovary pubescent or hairy. 



Flowers in racemes, siJikes or cymes, nearly always scorpioid, in a few species simply racemose. 



Leaves all opposite; ovary 2-celled; montane perennial 5. Draperia. 



Leaves alternate or basal; (opposite in 2 annual species in Phacelia). 

 Stamens equally inserted ; herbs. 



Style 1, cleft ; capsule more or less 2-celled, the placentae narrow or thin or lamel- 

 late, projecting into the cavity on partial partitions and approximate 

 or meeting in center; stamens not joined at base; (style clef t nearly to 

 base in some species of Phacelia). 



