224 HYDROPHYLLACEAE 



Corolla usually blue, purple or white, rarely yellow, deciduous after flower- 

 ing, the lower part of tube bearing conspicuous lamellate scales 

 inside, or the scales sometimes reduced or in some species none ; 



widespread annuals and perennials 6. Phacelia. 



Corolla yellow or cream-color, persistent after flowering; annuals. 



Flowers erect, on pedicels % to % as long ; corolla-scales minute ; 

 calyx-lobes linear (or linear-oblanceolate) ; style (in ours) 

 persistent; capsule ovoid; Lassen and Inyo Cos 



7. MiLTITZIA. 



Flowers pendulous, on pedicels as long; eoroUa-scales none; calyx- 

 lobes ovate; style deciduous; capsule compressed; cismon- 



tane and transmontane 8. Emmenanthe. 



Styles 2 and distinct ; capsule 1-celIed, the placentae strictly parietal ; basal dila- 

 tions of the stamens joined by a lineate margin; small prostrate 



annual; cismontane and intramontane 9. Lemmonia. 



Stamens unequally inserted ; capsule completely or incompletely 2-celled. 



Low annual or perennial herbs; leaves entire (except N. rothrockii) ; styles 2 

 and distinct, or partly united in 3 species; capsule more or less mem- 

 branous, 2-valved, its placentae 2 to 50 (or more) -seeded ; desert plants 



or mainly so except 2 species 10. Nama. 



Shrubs; leaves dentate (or entire in 2 species) ; styles 2 and distinct; capsule 

 coriaceous, 4-valved, when dehiscing behaving as if 4-celled, each cell 

 1 or 2 (or 3) -seeded (about 6-seeded in one species) ; mainly cismon- 

 tane and intramontane, 1 species transmontane 11. Eriodictyon. 



Flowers solitary on naked peduncles arising from a leaf -rosette on the ground; corolla white; 



style 2-cleft ; montane 12. Hespekochiron. 



Ovary glabrous ; flowers in loose racemes ; corolla white ; perennial herbs with mostly basal leaves. 

 Calyx -lobes strongly dissimilar, the 3 outer cordate, conspicuously enlarged and veiny in fruit ; 



style 2-cleft; transmontane deserts 13. Tricardia. 



Calyx-lobes alike; style 1, entire ; coastal 14. Eomanzoffia. 



1. HYDROPHYLLUM L. Water-leaf 



Perennial herbs, ours with horizontal rootstocks, the leaves and peduucles often 

 snb-basal or on short stems. Leaves alternate or mainly basal, pinnately parted or 

 divided. Flowers violet-blue or white, in cymose or head-like clusters. Calyx open- 

 ing early, little changed in fruit, the sinuses without appendages (in ours) . Corolla 

 campanulate, the tube within bearing a pair of narrow longitudinal scales opposite 

 each lobe, one on either side of the midrib, their edges meeting and forming a closed 

 nectar-bearing groove. Filaments long, hairy at the middle, these and the styles 

 long and filifoi-m, conspicuously esserted. Ovules 4; seeds 1 to 4. — Species 7, North 

 America. (Greek hudor, water, and phullon, leaf.) 



Proper stems short, 1 to 3 (or 6) inches high, much exceeded by the basal and sub-basal leaves; 

 flowers in dense heads ; leaves green above, pale or whitish-canescent beneath, the lobes 

 mostly obtuse, sometimes subacute. 

 Peduncles short (% to 1 inch long), recurved in fruit, the flower-clusters borne low; leaf- 



blades pinnately about 5-divided; n. Sierra Nevada I.E. capitattim. 



Peduncles longer (1 to 9 inches long), not recurved in fruit, the flower-clusters exceeding the 

 leaves or sometimes shorter ; leaf -blades pinnately divided into 7 to 13 divisions ; 



Sierra Nevada and Coast Eanges 2. H. occidentale. 



Proper stems long, 4 to 20 inches high, remotely leafy throughout, the basal leaves usually a little 

 exceeding the stems; flowers in somewhat dense cymes, the pedicels mostly longer than 

 the calyces; leaves green above and below, the lobes or teeth acute ; along the north coast 

 or near it. 



Leaf -blades pinnate or pinnately divided into 5 or 7 divisions; calyx -lobes grayish 



3. E. fendleri. 

 Leaf -blades subpalmately divided into 3 principal divisions; calyx-lobes green. .4. E. teniiipes. 



1. H. capitatum Dougl. Cats-Breeches. Stems several, short (1 to 3 inches 

 high), bearing low the short-peduncled cymes, both much exceeded by the basal 

 and sub-basal leaves (these 4 to 9 inches high) ; herbage pubescent, the leaves 

 whitish-canescent beneath ; leaf-blades somewhat ovate in outline, IY2 to 3 inches 

 long, pinnately about 5-divided, the divisions ovatish, entire or few-toothed, apicu- 



