BORAGE FAMILY 375 



short, curved or scattered rugae, or, more commonly, not areolate at all but unequally tuberculate 

 or muricate. The regular pattern of the dorsal rectangles with smooth ridges in P. fulvus var. 

 campestris is very constant and in contrast to the interrupted, broken or unequal development of 

 the dorsal relief structure in P. infectivus which is so inconstant. To this may be added a sum- 

 mary by R. F. Hoover of the features of P. infectivus differentiating it from P. fulvus, as follows: 

 "(a) plants lower; (b) midribs and margins of leaves conspicuously dark on lower side ; (c) plants 

 staining reddish-purple instead of violet; (d) racemes bracteate; (e) the 3 dorsal keels of nutlets 

 thin and fragile." The following collections validate its occurrence in the South Coast Ranges: 

 Corral Hollow, w. San Joaquin Co., Hoover 1744; Puerto Canon, w. Stanislaus Co., Hoover 4348; 

 Crow Creek, w. Stanislaus Co., Hoover 4319; Tar Canon, Diablo Range, w. Kings Co., Hoover 

 4279; Black Mt., n. end La Panza Range, San Luis Obispo Co., Hendrix 124. 



Ref. — Plaqiobothrys infectivus Jtn., Jour. Am. Arb. 20:380 (1939), type loc. lower Hos- 

 pital Canon, w. San Joaquin Co., Hoover 3067. 



7. P. canescens Benth. Stems 2 to 5 from or near the base, long and trailing 

 or straggling, rarely erect, simple or branched, 1/2 to 2 feet long ; herbage pale, 

 hirsute ; leaf -blades linear to lanceolate, oblanceolate or oblong, % to 2^/^ inches 

 long; spikes leafy-bracteate nearly throughout or quite bractless above, 3 to 11 

 inches long; calyx densely hirsute, cleft to below the middle, the lobes broadly 

 lanceolate, in fruit 2 to 3 lines long, erect (rarely depressed-eonnivent over the 

 nutlets) ; pedicels short, stubby, persistent, the calyx in age deciduous; nutlets com- 

 monly 4, incurved-couniveut, orbicular-ovate and abruptly short-acute, sharply 

 rugose-reticulate, 1 line long, the rectangular or quadratish areolae finely papillate, 

 mostly longer transversely, the rugae remotely tuberculate or smooth; lateral 

 angles of the nutlets very distinct. 



Low open hills and plains and valley flats, 10 to 3000 feet : Sierra Nevada foot- 

 hills from eastern Siskiyou Co. to Kern Co.; Great Valley; South Coast Ranges; 

 western Mohave Desert; cismontane Southern California. Mar.-May. 



Locs. — Sierra Nevada foothOls: Hombrook, Siskiyou Co., Howell 1784; Big Chico Creek, 

 Heller 11,226; Placerville, K. Brandegee; lone, Amador Co., K. Brandegee; La Grange, Stanis- 

 laus Co., Hoover 1714; Hornitos, Mariposa Co., Jepson 10,700; Bamafee Flat, Middle Fork 

 Kaweah River, W. Fry 103 ; Cottonwood Creek, lower Kern River, Allison Krames. Great 

 Valley: Red Bluff, Jepson 21,140; Butte Pass, Marysville Buttes, Jepson 21,139; College City, 

 Colusa Co., Alice King; English Hills, nw. Solano Co., Jepson 21,142; Tracy, San Joaquin Co., 

 C. F. Balder 2786 ; Adela, 1 mi. w. of Oakdale, ne. Stanislaus Co., Jepson 17,536 ; Modesto, Hoover 

 291 ; Berenda, Madera Co., Davy 1691 ; Tipton, Tulare Co., Jepson 11,588 ; McKittrick, Kern Co., 

 Jepson 16,238; Bakersfield, Allison Krames. South Coast Ranges: Corral Hollow, Mt. Hamilton 

 Range, Jepson 9561 ; Livermore Valley, Jepson 21,143 ; Little Arthur Creek, w. of Gilroy, Jepson 

 9709; Pacific Grove, Heller 6726; Cholame Valley, se. Monterey Co., Jepson 15,403; Pozo, San 

 Luis Obispo Co., Jepson. 11,986. Western Mohave Desert: Mohave sta., iTel^er 7758. Cismontane 

 S. Cal.: Purisima Hills, Santa Barbara Co., Jepson 12,656; Santa Cruz Isl., T. Brandegee 25y; 

 Saugus, n. Los Angeles Co., Jepson 19,222; Santa Catalina Isl., Geo. B. Grant 996; San Bernar- 

 dino, Parish 1708; Coahuila Valley, sw. Riverside Co., Jepson 1474; Warners Ranch, e. San Diego 

 Co., T. Brandegee. 



Eefs. — Plaqiobothrys canescens Benth., PI. Hartw. 326 (1849), type loc. "in arenosis 

 vallis Sacramento," Hartweg 256 (more e.-sactly, upper Sacramento Valley on the east side; cf. 

 Erythea 5:55); Jepson, Fl.W. Mid. Cal. 447 (1901), ed. 2, 349 (1911), Man. 856 (1925). Eritri- 

 chium canescens Gray, Proc. Am. Acad. 10:57 (1874). P. microcarpus Greene, Pitt. 1:21 (1887), 

 type loc. Butte Co., R. M. Austin. P. canescens var. apertus Greene, Pitt. 1:21 (1887), type loc. 

 upper San Joaquin Valley plains, Greene; Jepson, Man. 856 (1925). 



8. P. nothofulvus Gray. Foothill Snowdrops. Stems slender, 1 to several 

 from the base, erect or suberect, simple or forked only above, 1 to 21/2 feet high; 

 roots, margins and midribs of cauline leaves purple-dyed ; herbage villous, the hairs 

 reddish when young, especially on the calyx and sometimes on the leaves ; spikes 

 in Is or geminate or ternate, simple or forked, mostly % to 1^/2 feet long, bractless 

 or leafy-bracteate only at base; leaf -blades 1/2 to 3I/2 inches long, oblong (or oblong- 

 obovate) to lanceolate or linear, 1 to 4 lines wide; calyx cleft to the middle, in 

 fruit 1 to ll^ lines long, eventually circumseissile below the middle, the upper part 

 falling away and leaving the persistent base as a shallow cup about the nutlets ; 

 corolla iy2 to 4 lines broad; nutlets 3 (sometimes 4, 1, or 2), orbicular-ovate, ab- 

 ruptly short-acute, dorsally 3-keeled, the transverse dorsal rugae complete or inter- 



