MINT FAMILY 385 



sterna), separating when ripe into 4 small l-seeded usually smooth nutlets. Style 

 single, cleft at apex, commonly arising from the depression among the lobes of the 

 ovary. — Certain species, as Lamium amplexicaule, are odorless. Sometimes the 

 stems are not square. The corolla-tube is much reduced in Teucrium. In various 

 species the nutlets may be solitary by abortion; they are roughened in Teucrium 

 and Trichostema and sometimes in Scutellaria. — Genera 200, species about 3200, 

 all continents, but mostly in warm and temperate regions. 



Bibliog. — Bentham, Geo., Labiatarum genera et species, i-lxvii, 1-783 (1832-36). Rochel, A., 

 Beitrage zur Gatt. Mentha (Linnaea 12:577-6.50, — 1838). Gray, A., Notes on Lycopus (Proc. 

 Am. Acad. 8:285-287,-1870; Notes on the Labiatae (I.e. 8:365-372,-1873). Palmer, Edw., 

 Chia (Zoe, 2:140-143,-1891). Greene, E. L., On certain Californian Labiatae (Pitt. 2:233- 

 236, — 1892); A fascicle of new Labiatae (Pitt. 3:338-343,-1898). Lang, W., Zur Bluten- 

 Entwickelung der Labiaten (Biblio. Bot. 64:1-28, taf. 1-4,-1906). Heller, A. A., New Labiates 

 from Cal. (Muhl. 1:31-37,-1904); Lamiaceae [of 1905 Cal. coll.], (Muhl. 2:131-133, 244- 

 245,-1906; 2:315-320,-1907). Fernald, M. L., Indigenous varieties of Prunella vulgaris in 

 N. Am. (Ehod. 15:179-186,— 1913). Penland, C. W., Notes on N. Am. Scutellarias (Rhod. 26: 

 61-79, pis. 140-141,-1924). Leonard, E. C., N. Am. species of Scutellaria (Contrib. U. S. Nat. 

 Herb. 22:703-748,-1927). Munz, P. A., S. Cal. species of Salvia (Bull. S. Cal. Acad. 26:17- 

 29,-1927). Howell, J. T., Genus Pogogyne (Proc. Cal. Acad. 20:105-128,-1931). Stewart, 

 W. S., Chromosome numbers in Californian Salvias (Am. Jour. Bot. 26:730-732, — 1939). 



In a letter dated October 6, 1922, C. C. Epiing, one of the author's former students, asked for 

 a research subject in the systematic botany of flowering plants suitable for a higher degree thesis 

 at Washington University, St. Louis. He was told to use the genus Monardella and did so, an 

 acceptance which determined his main research interest in Labiatae for a lifetime as shown by the 

 following partial bibliography. — C. C. Epiing.: Notes on Linnaean types of Am. Labiatae (Jour. 

 Bot. 67:1-12,— 1929) ; Synopsis of genus Hyptis in N. Am. (Fedde, Repert. Sp. Nov. 34:73-130, — 

 1933) ; Preliminary Revision of Am. Stachys (Fedde, Repert. Sp. Nov. Beih. 80:1-75,-1934) ; 

 The Californian Salvias (Ann. Mo. Bot. Gard. 25:95-188,-1938) ; Notes on Stachys rigida Nutt. 

 (Madrono 4:270-272, — 1938); Notes on the Scutellariae of western N. Am. (Madroiio 5:49- 

 72,-1939). 



I. Ovary 4-lobed, the style not basal; nutlets attached at the side by a prominent scar. 



Corolla-limb very irregular, apparently 1-lipped; stamens moderately exserted 1. Teucrium. 



CoroUa-limb nearly equally 5-lobed, the lobes turned downward; stamens conspicuously long- 

 exserted 2. Trichostema. 



II. Ovary deeply 4-parted, the style basal; nutlets attached at the base, usually by a small scar. 



A. Calyx 2-lipped, the lips entire. 



Calyx bearing a helmet-shaped protuberance on the back ; flowers solitary in the axils of the oppo- 

 site leaves; hcrlis - 3. Scui-ellaria. 



Calyx bladdery-inflated in fruit; flowers in loose spikes; shrub 4. Salazaria. 



B. Calyx kegularlt 5-toothed, or 2-lipped with 3 teeth in the upper lip and 2 teeth in 



THE LOWER LIP. 



1. Corolla mnrlcedly iilabiate, the lips unequal. 



Calyx with 10 spinescent teeth hooked at tip ; stamens included in the corolla-tube ; perennial herbs. 



5. Marrubium. 

 Calyx-teeth not hooked at tip ; stamens not included in tube, exserted from corolla or included in 

 throat. 

 Upper pair of stamens longer than the lower ; perennial herbs. 



Stamens exserted; anthers separated or distant 6. Aoastache. 



Stamens not exserted; anthers approximate in pairs 7. Nepeta. 



Upper pair of stamens shorter than the lower or equaling them. 

 Calyx 2-lipped or with unequal teeth. 



Upper calyx-lip truncate, its margin with 3 cusps, the lower lip 2-cleft; flowers in 



a dense spike; herb 8. Brunella. 



Upper calyx-lip not truncate. 



Anthers 1-celIed; anther bearing stamens 2; filaments bearing a linear connec- 

 tive, or jointed, or sometimes simple; shrubs or herbs 9. Salvia. 



Anthers 2-celled; herlis. 



Corolla-tube with a hairy ring nathin ; anther-bearing stamens 4; flowers 



in loose axillary clusters; perennial herbs 10. Melissa. 



Corolla-tube without a hairy ring -svithin. 



