MINT FAMILY 429 



teeth ; corolla white, its tube with an oblique hairy ring within, marked outside by 

 a gibbosity or notch. 



Moist flats, springy places in the hills and stream borders, 10 to 1500 feet : outer 

 Coast Range near the coast from Marin Co. to Santa Barbara Co. June- Aug. 



Biol. note. — The various collections of Staehys pj'cnantha agree in possessing a condensed 

 spike-like inflorescence, but usually differ rather markedly in other features. They differ in such 

 a way as to suggest that this species, as commonly received, is not a natural unit but is a form 

 which has arisen independently a number of times from various strains of the widespread and 

 variable Staehys ajugoides and its variety quercetorum or from variety rigida. In such a ca.se 

 the binomial Staehys pj'cnantha would represent an artificial category — a collection of forms simi- 

 lar in inflorescence but of unlike origin phylogenetically. It is to be added that frequently, in 

 addition, we are confronted with doubtful specimens which bear inflorescences a little too con- 

 densed for reference to Staehys ajugoides var. quercetorum, and insufficiently condensed to repre- 

 sent Staehys pyenantha. Specimens of the form, Staehys ajugoides var. cymosa, originally 

 described as Staehys cymosa by Heller, which inhabits the northern Sierra Nevada, have sometimes 

 been referred to Staehys pyenantha. The wide geographic discontinuity of Staehys pyenantha 

 and S. ajugoides var. cymosa, as well as certain structural dissimilarities, suggests in the case of 

 these forms that the latter is not phylogenetically derived from the former but is an independent 

 development. 



Locs. — Big Carson, Mt. Tamalpais, Eastwood; Tiburon, Marin Co., Jepson 14,951; West 

 Berkeley, Jepson 14,9.50; Brooklyn Creek, Oakland, Kellogg; Mt. Diablo, Bowerman 402; Alpine 

 School, Sau Mateo Co., Elmer 4261 ; Palo Alto, Congdon; Pajaro Hills, n. Monterey Co., Chandler 

 (this material is a most excellent match for the Hartweg type in the Herbarium of the Royal 

 Botanic Gardens, Kew, England; it was compared by the writer in 1906; cf. Calif ornian Types at 

 Kew, 293, ms.) ; Carmel River, Davy; Santa Lucia Mts., n. of San Luis Obispo, Palmer 365; 

 Bishop ranch, Sisquoc River, Santa Barbara Co., M. S. Baker. 



Kefs. — Stachys pycnantha Benth., PI. Hartw. 331 (1849), type loc. mts. near Carmel, 

 Hartweg 114; Jepson, Fl. W. Mid. Cal. 456 (1901), ed. 2, 357 (1911), Man. 877 (1925). 



17. PYCNANTHEMUM Miehx. 



Glabrous or eanescent perennial herbs with white flowers in denselj^ crowded 

 whorls, the whorls disposed in the axils of the uppermost leaves (or the very upper- 

 most leaves reduced) . Calyx oblong or tubular, its teeth equal. Corolla-tube little 

 exceeding the calyx; upper lip almost entire, lower 3-cleft. Stamens 4, nearly 

 equal. — Species 15, North America. (Greek pychnos, dense, and anthemon, flower, 

 the inflorescence glomerate.) 



1. P. calif ornicum Torr. Sierra Mint. Stem simple, erect, 2 to 31/2 feet high; 

 herbage light green or grayish, pubescent or puberulent ; leaf-blades ovate to ovate- 

 lanceolate, serrulate along the sides, the acuminate apex and rounded or cordate 

 base entire, 1% to 3I/2 (or 5) inches long, sessile; calyx pubescent, the tips of the 

 teeth very woolly exteriorly; corolla white, sprinkled with resin dots outside, its 

 throat hairy, the lower lip purple-spotted. 



Springy places on chaparral slopes, stream beds or mountain meadows, 1000 to 

 5300 feet : inner North Coast Ranges from Siskiyou Co. to western Tehama Co. and 

 northern Humboldt Co. ; Sierra Nevada from Shasta Co. to Fresno Co. ; high moun- 

 tains of Southern California. East to Nevada. May-August. 



Loca. — North Coast Ranges: Sisson, Siskiyou Co., Jepson 5785; Delta (15 mi. s.), upper Sac- 

 ramento River, Heller 11,696; Maxim Cabin, sw. Tehama Co., Cronemiller 826; Willow Creek, 

 Trinity River Valley, n. Humboldt Co., Tracy 9637. Sierra Nevada: Whitmore, ne. Shasta Co., 

 Alma A. Weigart; Clover Creek Caiion, Plumas Co., Jepson 8026; Ha:nilton sta. (betw. Big Oak 

 Flat and Buck Mdws.), n. Mariposa Co., A. L. Grant 826; Corlew Mdw., Pine Ridge, Fresno Co., 

 Jepson 13,296. S. Cal.: Devils Punch Bowl, San Gabriel Mts., Peirson 184; Green Valley, San 

 Bernardino Mts., Braunton 1058 ; Palomar Mt., San Diego Co., Jepson. 



Refs.— PYCNANTHEMUM CALIFORNICUM Torr. ; Dur., Jour. Acad. Phila. ser. 2, 3:99 (1855), 

 tj-pe loc. near Nevada City, Pratten; Jepson, Man. 878 (1925). Koellia calif ornica Ktze., Rev. 

 Gen. PI. 2:520 (1891) ; Jepson, Fl. W. Mid. Cal. 465 (1901), ed. 2, 362 (1911). 



18. MONARDAL. 



Erect herbs with petioled leaves. Flowers in dense bracteate whorls in the upper 

 leaf axils or in terminal heads. Calyx 15-nerved, with 5 equal teeth. Corolla ralher 



