MINT FAMILY 431 



a bowl-shaped sac. Stamens 4, the upper pair shorter, all fertile, declined, included 

 in the sac of the lower lobe. — Species over 300, North and South America. (Greek, 

 huptios, turned back, referring to the lower lip.) 



1. H. emoryi Torr. Bee Sage. Shrub, the numerous straight erect slender 

 stems forming a compact clump 4 to 8 or 12 feet high ; herbage fragrant, white 

 scurfy-tomentose ; leaf -blades ovate, truncate at base, crenulate, i/4 to 1 inch long, 

 on short petioles; flowers in short-peduncled axillary clusters on the ends of the 

 branchlets ; pedicels nearly as long as calyx ; calyx narrowly turbinate, white-scurfy 

 or white-woolly with pinnately branched hairs, the teeth slender; corolla violet, 2 

 lines long, the upper lip with its lobes turned back to back ; upper pair of stamens 

 with hairy filaments, lower pair glabrous or nearly so. 



Deep gravel of washes in desert canons and on mesas, 350 to 2500 feet : eastern 

 Mohave Desert and Colorado Desert. South to Lower California ; east to Arizona 

 and Sonora. Apr.-Oct. 



Field note.- — Hyptis emoryi, a handsome soft-gray shrub, is a fairly frequent species in the 

 Colorado Desert as a scattered associate of Acacia greggii, Agave deserti, Fouqiiieria splendens. 

 Yucca mohavensis, Larrea tridentata, Bebbia juncea, Beloperone californica and Encelia f arinosa. 

 Sometimes it is abundant. By way of illustration, a characteristic habitat is described. From 

 the northeast side of San Felipe Valley, in eastern San Diego County, an old-time wagon-trail 

 climbs over a low rocky ridge by an indistinct pass and descends through a wash (Wagon Wash) 

 which joins San Felipe Creek near the lower end of Sentenac Canon. For one and one-half miles 

 in this broad wash Hyptis emoryi is a dominant. In this locality the clumps are often 12 to 14 

 feet high and 5 to 10 or even 21 feet broad. But everywhere, as an inhabitant of hiU slopes or flats 

 or canons, quite around the west and north sides of the Colorado Desert, it occurs frequently, either 

 as scattered individuals or in small colonies. 



The base of the middle lobe of the corolla is abruptly retrocurved in such a way as to make 

 a sharp ridge transversely just on the margin of the terminal sac. The ovary is seated on a white 

 disk which is nectariferous. Everywhere in the desert bees work the flowers freely. 



Locs. — Eastern Mohave Desert: Mopas Mts., Ferris 4" Bacigalupi 8232; Bagdad, T. Brande- 

 gee; Whipple Mts., Colorado River, Jepson 5222. Colorado Desert: Black Pt., Riverside Mts., 

 Jepson 5250 ; Cottonwood Spr. (5% mi. s.), near Eagle Mts., Jepson; Piiion Well, Conchilla Mts., 

 Jepson 6016; Carrizo Caiion, w. of Indio Mt., Clary; Palm Canon of Mt. San Jacinto, Jepson 

 1370; Palm Caiion of San Ysidro, Jepson; Vallecito, Jepson 8620; Myer's Creek bridge, foot of 

 Mountain Springs grade, w. Imperial Co., Jepson 11,792. 



Eefs. — Hyptis emoryi Torr., Hot. Ives, 20 (1860) , type loc. rocky arroyos, "Upper Colorado," 

 Newberry, Jan. 14, 1857, that is between Explorers Pass (Jan. 12, 1857) and Canebrake Canon 

 (Jan. 15, 1857), a short distance above Fort Yuma (cf. J. C. Ives, Rep. on Colorado River of the 

 West, pp. 46-47) ; Jepson, Man. 879 (1925). Mesophaerum emoryi Ktze., Rev. Gen. PI. 2:526 

 (1891). 



21. MONARDELLA Benth. 



Low herbs sometimes woody at base. Herbage for the most part pleasantly fra- 

 grant. Flowers in heads, the heads terminal on the stems or branches and subtended 

 by broad involucral bracts, which are often more or less colored. Calyx tubular, 

 narrow, 10 to 15-nerved, the 5 teeth equal. Corolla purple, lavender, pink, or dull 

 white; upper lip erect, 2-cleft, the lower 3-parted, horizontal or declined, all the 

 lobes linear or narrowly oblong. Stamens 4, all fertile, strongly unequal or sub- 

 equal, usually somewhat exserted. — Species 19, western North America. (Diminu- 

 tive of Monarda, on account of its resemblance to that genus.) 



Bibliog.— Gray, A., Monardella Benth. (Proc. Am. Acad. 11:100-102,-1876). Greene, E. L., 

 New Species of Monardella (Pitt. 4:321-322,-1901; 5:80-87,-1902); Madronella (Lflts. 1: 

 168-169, — 1906). Holler, A. A., [New species of Monardella], (Muhl. 1 : 34-37, — 1904). Abrams, 

 L. R., The Monardellas of S. Cal. (Muhl. 8:26-36,-1912). Epling, C. C, Monograph of the genus 

 Monardella (Ann. Mo. Bot. Gard. 12:1-106,-1925). 



Tax. note. — The annual species of Monardella form well-defined and readily separable groups, 

 each with comparatively little variation within itself and apparently no intergradation with the 

 others. The perennials present a totally different problem. With the exception of Monardella 

 macrantha and Monardella nana, it seems certain that the perennial species are not distinct from 

 each other in the same sense that the annual species are distinct. Reliance on single characters is 



