I9I4-] SOUTHEASTERN NORTH AMERICA. 183 



in 1850 described petrified wood from the Aquitanian of Greece as 

 Klippsteinia medullaris referring it to the Aurantioidese. 



The genus Amyris (P. Browne) Linne has about a dozen exist- 

 ing species in the Antilles and Central America, two of which reach 

 the coast of southern Florida. A fossil form is recorded by Unger 

 from the late Miocene (Sarmatian) of Hungary. This determi- 

 nation is not conclusive however although Unger had both the leaves 

 and fruit of Protamyris bcrcniccs. Unger also described the sup- 

 posed ancestral genus Protamyris to which he referred four species 

 from the Aquitanian of Kumi and the Miocene of Croatia. These 

 are not especially convincing and both Ettingshausen and Schenk 

 consider Protamyris radobojana Unger to represent a species of 

 Ccdrela. 



The genus Xanthoxylum Linne with nine or ten existing species 

 of eastern Asia and North America has been a favorite receptacle 

 for fossil forms of Rutacea?. About a score of species have been 

 described, the oldest coming from the basal Eocene of New Mexico 

 (Raton formation) while a second Eocene species is recorded from 

 the Bartonian of France. Engelhardt has described two Eocene or 

 Oligocene species from Chili. There are four Oligocene species, 

 two in France and two in Prussia. There are about thirteen Mio- 

 cene species, widely distributed and represented in California, Colo- 

 rado, Spain, France, Switzerland, Baden, Bohemia, Croatia and Hun- 

 gary. The two Pliocene species represent France and Asia Minor 

 and one of the recent species is found in the Pleistocene of Japan. 

 It seems probable that Xanthoxylum was derived from Fagara 

 through a loss of the floral calyx and by adaptation to less tropical 

 climatic conditions. 



The genus Fagara Linne is substituted for Xanthoxylum by many 

 recent systematists, although I prefer to consider it as the ancestral 

 stock and in the older sense as including the 150 cosmopolitan trop- 

 ical species while Xanthoxylum includes the extratropical forms of 

 Asia and North America. Undoubtedly several if not all of the 

 fossil forms described as species of Xanthoxylum are more properly 

 referred to Fagara although none have heretofore been described 

 under this name. The Tertiary flora of southeastern North America 

 contains several very characteristic forms of this genus. The oldest 



