250 BERRY— LOWER EOCENE FLORA OF [April 25, 



of shrubs and trees in tropical Asia and Oceanica, was identified by 

 Unger in the European Miocene and petrified wood of this type 

 {Naucleoxylon) was described by Crie from the Pliocene of Java. 



The genus Morinda Linne has about thirty existing species in all 

 tropics, especially in the Orient and the Pacific islands. A fossil 

 species has been recorded from the Oligoccne of Italy and five addi- 

 tional species based on leaves have been described from the Miocene 

 of Croatia. 



A fruit from the Tertiary lignites of Brandon, Vermont, has been 

 described by Perkins as Rubioidcs and another from the Aquitanian 

 of Rhenish Prussia by Menzel under the name Rubiacecccarpuni. 

 Geyler has identified the old world genus Grutnilea Gartner in the 

 Tertiary of Borneo, and finally the genus Cinchonidium proposed 

 by Unger for fossil fruits and leaves which were very similar to those 

 of the existing South American genus Cinchona Linne, has furnished 

 a number of species. There are four or five in the Eocene, including 

 the Fort Union of the western United States and the Ypresian 

 of England ; five in the late Oligocene of southeastern Europe ; about 

 eight Miocene species, one coming from the Esmeralda formation of 

 Nevada and the balance being European. 



The family is thus seen to have been well represented in fossil 

 floras throughout the Tertiary, but the small proportion of the exist- 

 ing genera with fossil representatives and the incompleteness of the 

 record of those with fossil representatives renders untrustworthy any 

 generalizations that might be made from the present facts. 



Under Incertcc scdis are grouped fourteen species of the Wil- 

 cox flora. These include two forms referred to Caiycites; two to 

 . Intholithus and ten to Carpolithus. It would be quite useless to 

 attempt any botanical discussion or comparison of these uncertain 

 forms, such remarks as they suggest being more suitably confined 

 to the discussion of the individual species. 



Johns Hopkins University, 



April 25, 1914. 



