Dicotyls or Exogenous Plants. 117 



LXXXVII. Order VALERIAN A'-CE/E. VALERIAN FAMILY.— Herbs; 



leaves opposite, exstipulale ; corolla somewhat irregular; stamens 

 epipetalous ; ovary inferior ."S-celled, but 1-seeded. 



Limb of calyx consisting of inrolled, plumose bristles / 'alrn'aiia. 1 



I,im.b of calyx obsolete or merely toothed / 'ali'i-iauella. 2 



1. Genus VA-LE-RI-A'-NA. The inrolled pappus -like plumose- 

 bristles (representing the limb of the calyx) unroll and spread as the 

 seed-like, 1 -celled fruit matures; perennial herbs with thickened, 

 strong-scented roots and simple or pinnate leaves. 



Va-le-ri-a'-na ed'-u-lis Nutt. Valerian. — Stem straight, 1-4 ft. high, 

 few-leaved ; leaves commonly minutely and densely ciliate, those of 

 the root spatulate and lanceolate, of the stem pinnately parted into 

 .'>-7 long and narrow divisions; flowers in a long and narrow panicle, 

 nearly difjecious ; corolla whitish. 



Va-le-ri-a'-na syl-vat'-i-ca Banks. Valerian. — Root-leaves ovale or 

 oblong, rarely with "J small lobes; stem-leaves pinnate, with 3-11 

 oblong-ovate or lanceolate, nearly entire leaflets ; cymes at first close, 

 man)' flowered ; corolla % in. long, rose-color or white. Growing 

 northward ; reported for Ohio. 



Va-le-ri-a'-na pau-ci-flo'-ra Mx. Valerian. — Root leaves ovate, cor- 

 date, toothed, sometimes with '1 small lateral divisions; stem-leaves 

 pinnate, leaflets .■)-7, ovate, toothed. 



1'. Genus VA-LE-RI-AN-EL'-LA. — L,imb of calyx obsolete; fruit o- 

 celled, two of the cells empty and sometimes confluent into one, the 

 other 1-seeded. 



A. Corolla bliiixli. 



Va-le-ri-an-el'-la lo-cus'-ta (L.) Bettke. [l'. alitor ia Poll.) Corn 

 Salad; Lamb-Lettuce. — Corolla bluish; fruit with a corky mass at the 

 back of the fertile cell ; empty cells as large as the fertile, contiguous. 

 A. Corolla white. 



Va-ie-ri-an-eria chen-o po-di-fo'-li-a (Ph.) DC. Corn Salad; Lamb- 

 Lettuce. I'ertile cell broader than the empty ones, beaked, cross- 

 section of frtiit triangular. 



Va-le-ri-an-el'-la ra-di-a'-ta (L.) Dnfr. Corn Salad; Lamb-Lettuce. — 



Fertile cell broad as the empt}' one, beaked ; cross-section of fruit 

 quadrate. 



