Sections exposed in Chalk Pits, in which Life Zones may be 

 seen and studied. 



Name by which Pit is 

 known. 



Frindsbury Quarry 



Martin & Earle's 



Booth & Co.'s (Hailing) . . 

 Trechmann & Weeks' 

 (Whorne's Place, Cuxton) 



Formby's (Upper Hailing) 

 Hilton & Anderson's 



(Lower Hailing) 

 Lee's (Holborough) .... 



Life Zone. 



Blue Bell Hill. 



Peters' (Wouldham) 

 Booth's (Borstal) .. 



Borstal Manor 



7 

 7,8 



9 



9, lo, II 



9, ID, II 



7.8,9 



9, lO, II, 12 



9, lo, II 

 9 



Remarks. 



Near bottom of highest zone in district. 



Cap of recent gravel at the end. Higher 



parts of zone at Cliffe and Gravesend. 

 Bottom of these pits=junction with next 



zone. Chalk very hard. 

 Wholly in this zone. Holaster Planus. 

 Cut through over 2ooft. Zone 7, hard, 



blocky, often greenish. Steam pump 



in Zone 9. 

 Partially. 

 Upper in Zone g. Lower in Zone 10, and 



in Zone 11 150ft. below Zone 10. 

 North H. in Zone 9. Pits in South H. 



Zones 10 and 1 1 . Very nearly at bottom 



beds chalk, and at base of chalk 



escarpment. 

 Upper part. 

 Lower part. 



In consequence of a "dip" the Lower 



Chalk and Marls are lost. 

 This has been partially worked out. Two 



thin Marl beds are shown in disused 



part of pit. 



The chalk in our District crops otit from beneath the tertiary 

 strata and alluvial beds on the south of the Medway and rises rapidl}^ 

 until the picturesque chalk escarpment is reached. From various 

 elevated points along this ridge magnificent views of the fine, fertile, 

 and well-wooded greensand country to the south may be enjoyed, 

 viz., Wrotham Hill (762ft. high). Holly Hill (642ft.', Blue Bell Hill 

 (627ft.), Boxley Hill about (650ft.), and Deptling Hill (657ft.). 



A very fine secondary escarpment overhangs the L,uton valley, 

 giving grand views of the lovely, characteristic, softly undulating 

 country lying between it and the Blue Bell ridge. 



Tertiary Rocks. 



Lower Eoce?ie (in ascending order). 



(i) Thanet Beds; (2) Woolwich and Reading Beds; (3) Old- 

 haven Beds ; (4) London Clay. 



(i) Thayiet Sa?ids. — Pale yellow quartzose sands, sometimes with 

 greenish particles. A marked and constant character of these 

 beds is the presence of a basal layer of unworn green-coloured 

 flints of all sizes resting upon the chalk surface. 



Sections may be seen at Motley Hill, Lower Rainham, Upnor, 

 in several sand pits at Shorne, Thong, Cobham, Higham Rail- 



