The Trees of Vermont 21 



ec. Terminal buds rarely exceeding >4 inch in length, not 

 resin-coated ; twigs not conspicuously stout. 

 /. Bundle-scars usually 3, distinct, separated .Acer, p. 16.3. 

 ff. Bundle-scars many, minute, more or less confluent in 



a U-shaped line Fraxinus, p. 185. 



dd. Leaf-scars 1 at a node, i. e., alternate. 



e. Bundle-scars 3 or in 3 compound, but distinct groups. 

 /. Terminal bud present. 

 g. Stipule-scars present. 



h. First scale of lateral bud directly in front, i. e., 

 exactly above the center of the leaf-scar; twigs 

 brittle ; pith somewhat star-shaped in cross-sec- 

 tion Populus, p. 61. 



hh. First scale of lateral' bud not directly in front, i. e., 

 to one side of the center of the leaf-scar ; twigs not 

 brittle; pith circular in cross-section, 



Prunus, p. 149. 

 gg. Stipule-scars absent. 



h. Buds bright to dark red, the terminal }i-}i i"ch 



long Nyssa, p. 183. 



hh. Buds brownish to gray, the terminal exceeding j4 

 inch in length, 



i. Buds narrow-conical, sharp-pointed ; leaf-scars 

 small, narrowly crescent-shaped; twigs about Yiq 

 inch thick; pith homogeneous; fruit berry-like, 



not present Amelanchier, p. 145. 



a. Buds broadly conical to ovoid, blunt-pointed ; 

 leaf-scars conspicuous, broadly heart-shaped ; 

 twigs about % i"ch thick ; pith chambered ; fruit 



a nut, often present Juglans, p. 77. 



ff. Terminal bud absent (sometimes present on short shoots 

 of Betula). 

 g. Stipule-scars present. 



h. Bud-scale only 1 visible; twigs brittle, 



Salix, p. 55. 

 hh. Bud-scales 2 or more ; twigs not brittle. 



i. Bark smooth, close, warty or peeling off in 



papery layers, but not flaky nor rough-ridged. 



j. Trunk fluted; catkins not present in winter; 



lenticels not elongated horizontally; low tree 



or bushy shrub Carpinus, p. 95. 



