234 ' Bulletin 194 



Concentric. One within another, with a common center. 



Cone. A fruit with woody, overlapping scales. 



Confluent. Blended or flowing into one; passing by degrees one into the 



other. 

 Conical. Cone-shaped, largest at the base and tapering to the apex. 

 Conifer. A tree of the pine family, so called from its bearing cones. 

 Coniferous. Cone-bearing; of, or pertaining to, the pine family. 

 Connective. The portion of a stamen which connects the two cells of the 



anther. 

 Cordate. Heart-shaped. Page 7. 

 Coriaceous. Leather-like in texture. 

 Corky. Made of, or like cork. 



Corolla. The inner part of a perianth, usually bright colored. Page 8. 

 Corrugated. Wrinkled or in folds. 

 Corymh. A flower-cluster in which the axis is shortened and the pedicels of 



the lower flowers lengthened, forming a flat-topped inflorescence, the 



marginal flowers blooming first. Page 9. 

 Corymbose. Arranged in corymbs. 



Crenate. Dentate, with the teeth much rounded. Page 8. 

 Crenulate. Finely crenate. 



Cross-grained. Having the grain gnarled and hard to cut. 

 Cross-section. A section of a body at right angles to its length. Page 195, d. 

 Crown. The upper part of a tree, including the living branches with their 



foliage. 

 Cutting. A piece of stem, root or leaf which, if cut off and placed in contact 



with the soil, will form new roots and buds, reproducing the parent 



plant. 

 Cyme. A broad and flatfish inflorescence, the central flowers of which bloom 



first. Page 9. 

 Cymose. Arranged in cymes. 



Deciduous. Not persistent; falling away, as the leaves of a tree in autumn. 

 Decurrent. Said of a leaf which extends down the stem below the point of 



fastening. 

 Decussate. Alternating in pairs at right angles. 

 Dehiscent. Opening by valves or slits. 

 Deltoid. Delta-shaped; triangular. 

 Dentate. Toothed, with the teeth usually pointed and directed outward. 



Page 8. 

 Depressed. Somewhat flattened from above. 

 Dichotomous. Branching regularly in pairs. 

 Diffuse-porous. Said of wood whose pores are nearly uniform in size and 



more or less evenly diffused through both spring and summer wood. 

 Digitate. Said of a compound leaf in which the leaflets are borne at the apex 



of the petiole; finger-shaped. 

 Dioecious. Unisexual, with staminate and pistillate flowers on different 



individuals. 

 Distribution. The geographical extent and limits of a species. 

 Divergent. Said of buds, cones, etc., which point away from the twig, or of 



pine needles, etc., which spread apart. 

 Dorm,ant. A term applied to parts which are not in active life. 

 Dorsal. Pertaining to the back or outer surface of an organ. 

 Doicny. Covered with fine hairs. 



Drupe. A fleshy or pulpy fruit in which the inner portion is hard or stony. 

 Duct. See resin duct. 



Ellipsoid. An elliptical solid. 



Elliptical. Oval or oblong with regularly rounded ends. Page 7. 



Emarginate. Notched at the apex. Page 7. 



Entire. Without divisions, lobes or teeth. 



Epithelium. The somewhat modifled parenchyma lining certain intercellular 



cavities, as the resin ducts. 

 Epithelium cell. A cell of the epithelium. 



Escape. Any plant formerly cultivated that grows wild in fields. 

 Excrescences. Warty outgrowths or protuberances. 

 Exfoliate. To cleave off, as of the outer layers of bark. 



