10 GENERAL ASPECT OF THE FLORA. 



the magnolias. Magnolia Fra-ieri Walt, and if. macrophylla 

 Miclix. are very conspicuous from the unwonted size and fresh 

 green color of their foliage. Ilex opaca Ait., Nyssa Garoliniana 

 Michx., and Tsuga Canadensis Barirer follow every rill and run 

 along which long lines of Leacot/ue Gastesbaei Gray form impass- 

 able barriers. Remote mountain glens, where one has to push 

 his way through branciiy hydrangeas or prickly azalias, or to crawl 

 through the zigzag limbs of big laurels, ought to be approached 

 with caution. It is irksome and dangerous to be entrapped in such 

 labyrinths. Sunnier and higher positions are chosen by Pyrularia 

 •oleifera Gray, Bucldeya distichophylla, Torr., Calycanthus glaucus 

 Willd., Ilex monticola, Gvsiy a.i\d Gorylus rostrata Ait. Of climb- 

 -ers we note Aristolochia Sypho L'Her., Decumaria barbara L., 

 Gelasti'us soandens L. Out of a rich display of herbaceous plants 

 I would select Lysimachia Fraseri Duby, Oenothera glauca Michx., 

 Diphylleia cymosa Michx., Adlumia cirrhosa Raf , Dicentra exi- 

 iiiia DC, Draba ramosissima Desv., Viola Canadensis L., Ascy- 

 rum hypericoides L., Baptisia tinetoria R. Br., B. alba R. Brown, 

 Therinopsis fraxinifolia M A. Curtis, Waldsteinia fragarioides 

 Tratt., Potentilla tridentata Ait., Saxifraga erosa Pursh., Sedum 

 Nevii Gray, Ghrysogonmn Virginianuni L., Helianthus Iccviga- 

 <fus T<n-r. & Gray, Gampanula divaricata Michx., Galax aphylla L., 

 Melampyrum Americanum Michx., Pycnanthemuni mmiammi 

 Michx., Monarda didyiaa L., Gentiana qninqueflora Lam. 



Creeks and brooklets have their rocky bottoms lined with 

 the carious, mosslike Podosteinon abrotaiioides Michx., which dis- 

 iippears whenever the current's speed is checked and the channels 

 deejien. 



Another range of mountain Hora we find in the Cumberland 

 mountains. Selecting the Lookout near Chattanooga for a type, 

 we find its summit wooded with Qaercus Prinus L., Q. rubra L., 

 Q. alba L., Q. obtusiloba Michx. and Q. nigra L , Pinus inops 

 Ait., P. Tceda L., P. mitis Michx., Betula lutca L., Gleditschia 

 triacanthos L., Robinia Pseudacacia L., several Caryas and 

 G. microcarpa Niitt, among them. Of shrubs: Robinia hispida 

 Li., Die r villa sessilifolia Buckl., J/cc mollis Gray, Stiiartia penta- 

 gyna L'Her., Hydrangea radiata Walt., and again (but very 

 rare) Buckley a distichnphylla Torr., Neinopatdhcs Canadensis 

 DC, and in a swamp Dirca palustris L. Of herbaceous plants: 

 Ufricularia gibba L., luncus Canadensis J . Gay, and Arundinnria 

 iecta Muhl. On flat rocks: Diamorpha pusilla Xutt., Fim- 

 bristylis capillaris Gray, Krigia Virginica Willd., Arenaria glabra 

 Michx. On the cliffs of the crest: Sti[)a avenacea L., Silene 

 rotundifoUa Nutt., Linaria Canadensis L., Gampanula divaricata 



