Fossil Floras of Cape Colony. 87 



natural size in fig. la. The ninth pinnule is 6 cm. lonj^ ; pinnule 

 number 13 is shown approximately natural size in fig. 16. Towards 

 the apical margin of the frond the segments gradually decrease in 

 size, precisely as in the Indian examples described by Feistmantel. 



Plate X., fig. 2 (XXVI.). 



A piece of the rachis near the base of a frond showing 

 semicircular and orbicular segments. The veins are not seen. 

 Associated with Glossoptcris fronds. 



LYCOPODIALES. 



Genus (?) BOTHEODENDEON Lindley and Hutton. 



BOTHEODEXDRON LESLII sp. UOV. 



Plate XL, figs. 1, la, Ih, 4, 5, 6. 



One of the most striking differences between the Upper Carbo- 

 niferous and Lower Permian vegetation of the Northern Hemisphere 

 on the one hand, and the Indian and Southern Hemisphere Glossop- 

 tcris flora on the other, is the absence in the latter of many of the 

 most abundant and characteristic northern genera such as Galaviitcs, 

 Lepidodendron, Sigillaria, and others. In recent years, however, 

 instances have been recorded of the admixture of northern Palaeozoic 

 types with members of the Glossopteris flora : this is notably the 

 case in South America and South Africa. Prior to the appearance 

 of the Glossoptcris flora in Australia there existed in that continent,''' 

 as in South America, t certain species of plants closely resembling 

 European types — a fact pointmg to a greater uniformity in the vege- 

 tation of extreme northern and southern latitudes during the Lower 

 Carboniferous period than prevailed at a later stage. Lower Carbo- 

 niferous plants have been recorded by Carruthers,^ Feistmantel,? 

 Etheridge,j| and others from Australia, which exhibit a more or less 

 close agreement with certain species in the Northern Hemisphere. 

 Such genera asBhacoptcris, Bothrodendron, d^ndi Lepidodendron afford 

 instances of a close correspondence between the extreme northern 

 flora of the Arctic regions and that which existed in the far south. 



* Feistmantel (1)0). t Kurtz (94). See also Zeiller (97). 



+ CaiTuthers (72). i^ Feistmantel (90). 



il Etheridge (90) (90^^) ; Jack and Etheridge (92). 



