90 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM. 



Scales of the fruit numerous, alternate; leaf-l)uds scaly. 

 Leaves in clusters. 



Clusters ensheat bed at base, containing 2, 3, or 5 leaves.. . Pints (p. 91). 

 Clusters not ensheathed at base, containing many leaves. L.ari.x (p. 92). 

 Leaves solitary. 



Cones erect ; scales deciduous Abies ( p. 93 ) . 



Cones pendent; scales persistent. 



Branciilets smooth ; bracts 3-toothed Pseudotsug.a (p. 94) . 



Branchlets roughened by the persistent leaf-bases. 



Leaves petioled, not pungent TsuG.\ (p. 94). 



Leaves sessile, pungent-pointed Picea (,p. 95). 



JUNIPERTJS. 



Prostrate alpine shrub ; leaves all subulate 1 . J. commvv >.f. 



Erect shrubs or trees; leaves of two forms. 



Leaves ver}- resinous, dark green 2. J. occidentalis. 



Leaves not resinous, often glaucous' 2>. J . scopitJorum. 



1. Juniperus communis sibirica (Burgsd.) Ilydberg, Contr. Nat. Herb. 3: 533. 1896. 

 .Juniperus sibirica Burgsd. Anleit. Holz. no. 272. 1787. 



Juniperus communis alpina Wahl. Fl. Lapp. 276. 1812. 



Juniperus communis montana Ait. Hort. Kew 3: 414. 1788. 



Type locality: Siberia. 



Range: Arctic regions, soutli in the mountains to California, Colorado, and Maine. 



Specimens examined: Olympic Mountains, Elmer 2487; Stevens Pass, Sandberg dc 

 Leiherg 768; Mount Rainier, Piper 2099; Loomis, Elmer 600; Mount Adams, Henderson, 

 August, 1892. 



Zonal distribution: Arctic or rarely lower. 



Common in tlie mountains at from 900 to 2,100 meters elevation. Hooker refers Tolmie's 

 Mount Rainier specimens to J. communis L., but they belong to the above subspecies. 



2. Juniperus occidentalis Hook. Fl. Bor. \n\. 2: 166. 1839. Western juniper. 

 Type locality: "Common on the higher parts of the Columbia, at the base of the 



Rocky Mountains, where it attains a height of 60-80 feet, and a diameter of 2-3 feet." 

 Collected by Douglas. 



Range: Washington to Nevada and California. 



Specimens examined: Near Eltopia, Cotton 1022 in 1903. 



Zonal distribution: Arid Transition. 



This is the only known station for the western juniper north of Oregon. The exact place 

 is locally known as Ryegrass Coulee or Juniper Canyon, some 30 miles southwest of Kahlo- 

 tus and near Fishhook Ferry on Snake River. Tiie junipers occur in scattering groves on 

 the floor of the coulee, tlie largest groves being al)out 100 acres in extent. None of the 

 trees are ov<'r 7 meters high. 



3. Juniperus scopulorum Sargent, Gard. & For. 10: 420. 1897. 



Rocky Mountain juniper. 



Type loc.vlity: Wyoming, Montana, and Colorado. ' 



Range: Vancouver Island eastward to Montana and south in the Rocky .Mountains to 

 Arizona; also in the Black Hills. 



Specimens examined: Orcas Island, Heiulerson, July, 1892; Sucia Island, Randolph, 

 October, 1892; Wenache, Whiied 1001; Sandberg cfc Leiberg, July, 1893; near Lake Chelan, 

 Lnle d' Hull 631; Spokane, Henderson, July, 1892; Piper, September, 1896; Peshastin, 

 Sarulberg d- Leiberg 471: without locality, Vasey 58, Olympic Mountains, Elmer 2488; 

 lone, Kreager 407; Fidalgo Island, F/eW 2116; Sentinel Blufl's, f'oWon 1359; Everett, Piper, 



