PIPER FLORA OF THE STATE OF WASHINGTON'. 93 



Specimens examined: Mount Stuart, Brandegee, July, 1883; Cascade Mountains, lati- 

 tude 49°, LyaZZin I860: North Fork Bridge Creek, Elmer, September, 1S97: Wenache 

 Mountains, Whited 1352. 



Zonal distribution: Iludsoaian. 



One of our rarest conifers, most plentiful on the Wenache Mountains and northwai'd. 



2. Larix occidentalis Nutt. Sylva 3: 143. /. 120. 1849. Western larch. 



Type locality: "In the coves of the Kocky Mountains on the western slope toward 

 the Oregon." Collected by Nuttall. 



Range: Cascade Mountains of British Columbia and AVashington eastward to Montana 

 and south to the Blue Mountains. 



Specimens examined: Upper Naches River, Henderson, June 10, 1892; Mount Adams, 

 Suksdorf 2\2; Columbia River, latitude 46° to 49°, Lyall in 1860; Blue Mountains, Pi-pcr, 

 August 2, 1896; Kamiak Butte, Elmer 812. 



Zonal distribution: Mainly Canadian. 



ABIES. 



Cones with conspicuous reflexed bracts 1 . ^4. nohilis. 



Cones with the bracts concealed. 



Leaves notched at apex, usually spreading horizontally on the 



branches ; cones green 4. A. grandis. 



Leaves not notched at apex, mostly acute, not horizontally spread- 

 ing; cones purple. 



Alpine tree; cones puberulent, 5 to 7 cm. long 2. ^4. lasiocarpa. 



Subalpine tree; cones not puberulent, 7 to 10 cm. long 3. ^4. amabilis. 



1. Abies nobilis Lindl. Penn. Cycl. 1: 30. 1833. Noble fir. 

 Type locality: Collected by Douglas on high mountains, Oregon, near the Cascades 



of the Columbia. 



Range: Cascade Mountains of Washington and Oregon; Olympic Mountains. 



Specimens examined: Mount Rainier, Allen 314: Piper in 1889; Mount Baker, John- 

 son; Soleduck River, Olympic Mountains, Sargent. 



Zonal distribution: Canadian or Iludsonian. 



2. Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt. Sylva 3: 138. 1849 Alpine fir. 

 Pinus lasiocarpa Hook. Fl. Bor. Am. 2: 163. 1842. 



Abies suhal'pina Engelm. Am. Nat. 10: 555. 1876. 



Type locality: "Interior of N. W. America." Collected by Douglas. 



Range: Alaska southward in the mountains to Oregon and Colorado. 



Specimens examined: Olympic Mountains, Piper in 1890: Cascade Mountains, lati- 

 tude 49°, Lyali in 1860; Goat Mountains, Allen 312; Blue Mountains, Piper, July 31, 1896: 

 Mount Rainier, Piper 2101. 



Zonal distribution: Arctic. 



The Olympic Mountains form of this species often has exserted bracts to the cones. The 

 form on the Blue Mountains has much larger cones than that occurring on Mount Rainier. 

 For illustrations of this species see Plate XVII, facing page 60. 



3. Abies amabilis (Dougl.) Forbes, Pinetum Wob. 125, /. 44- 1839. Amabilis fir. 

 Picea amabilis Dougl.: Loudon, Arb. Frut. 4: 2342. 1838. 



Type locality: Collected l)v Douglas on high mountains, Oregon, near the Cascades 

 of the Columbia. 



Range: British Columbia, south in the Cascade Mountains of Washington and Oregon: 

 also in the Olympic Mountains. 



Specimens examined: Olympic Mountains, Piper in 1895; Mount Rainier, Allen 313; 

 Piper in 1888. 



