PIPER FLORA OF THE STATE OF WASHINGTON. 221 



TJLMACEAE. Elm Family. 

 CELTIS. 



1. Celtis douglasii Planch. Ann. Sci. Nat. III. 10: 293. 1848. Hackberry. 



Type locality: "In aiidis scopulosis regionera interiorum, secus flumen Columbia." 

 Collected by Douglas. 



Range: Washington, Oregon, and Idaho. 



Speclmens examined: West Klickitat County, S'ui'st^o// 39; Snake River region, 2?ra7i- 

 de(jee 1073; Almota, Pifer, May 2, 1897; Wawawai, Elmer 1016; Piper 1511 and October, 

 1893. 



Zonal distribution : Upper Souoran. 



Our tree has been referred to both C. occidentalis L. and C . reticulata Torr. It is perhaps 

 only a geographical race of the former. Ordinarily it is a very scraggly tree, with very 

 scabrous leaves, commonly distorted by insect work. In irrigated land, however, it is a 

 graceful and attractive tree, the leaves bet>oming thinner, darker green, and much less 

 rough. 



The Wilkes Expedition specimens are said to have been collected at Port Discovery, 

 but this is probably an error. 



URTICACEAE. Nettle Family. 



Leaves opposite, possessing stinging hairs Urtica. 



Leaves alternate; no stinging hairs Parietaria. 



URTICA. Nettle. 



Leaves soft-pubescent on both sides 1. TJ . holosericea. 



Leaves glabrous above, sparsely pubescent beneath 2. U . lyallii. 



1. Urtica holosericea Nutt. Journ. Acad. Phila. II. 1: 183. 1847. 

 Type locality: "Near Monterey, Upper California." 



Range: Washington and Idaho to California. 



Specimens examined: Yakima County, Henderson 2498; west Klickitat County, Suks- 

 dorj 1381; Marshall Junction, Piper, July 2, 1896; Almota, Piper, September 9, 1896; 

 Union Flat, Piper 3045; Wawawai, Piper 1509. 



Zonal distribution: Upper Sonoran and Arid Transition. 



2. Urtica lyallii. S. Wats. Proc. Am. Acad. 10: 34.S. 1875. 



Type locality: "In the Cascade Mts. in lat. 49°." Collected by Dr. Lyall. 



Range: British Columbia to Idaho and California. 



Speclmens examined: Montesano, Heller 3920; Clallam t\junty, Elmer 2760; Seattle, 

 Piper 2316; Cascade Mountains, 49°, Lyall; Ellensburg, Brandegee 1075; Klickitat 

 County, Siilsdorf 58; Horseshoe Basin, Elmer 709; Wilson Creek, Lake d- Hull 654; Spo- 

 kane, Piper, July 2, 1896; Blue Mountains, Lake 654; Piper, July 17, 1896; Union Flat, 

 Piper 3046; Pullman, Piper 3046, 1510; Clarks Springs, Kreager 42. 



Zonal distribution: Transition. 



Washington specimens referred to U . gracilis Ait. belong here, as does tlie specimen 

 listed by Suksdorf as " U . breweri{'l) ." Specimens from the immediate seacoast tend to 

 have thicker, more deeply cordate leaves, but this character is apparently due to mari- 

 time influences and is not sufficient to distinguish the plant. 



PARIETARIA. 



1. Parietaria pennsylvanica Muhl.; Willd. Sp. PI. 4^: 955. 1805. 

 Type locality: "Habitat in Pennsylvania." 

 Range: British Columbia to Canada, southward to Florida and Mexico. 



