PIPER — FLORA OF THE STATE OF WASPIINGTON. 393 



Specimens examined: Clallam County, Elmer 2794; Olympic Mountains, Piper, 

 August, 1895; Cascade Mountains, latitude 49°, Lyall in 1858; Seattle, Piper 1017; Taconia, 

 Flett 88; Nisqually Valley, Allen 57; Westport, Lamh 1097; Mount Adams, Sulsdoi;/ 

 July 12, 1886; Klickitat County, Suh^dorf in 1878: Silvcrton, Boiiclc 25; Wenache Moun- 

 tains, Ehner 442; Mount Rainier, Flett 2178. 



Zonal distribution: Humid Transition to Hudsonian. 



6. Viola sempervirens Greene, Pittonia 4: 8. 1899. 



Viola mrmeiifom Dougl.: Hook. Fl. Bor. Am. 1: 80. 1830, not Bieb. 1808-1819. 



Type locality: "Near Fort Vancouver and in the high grounds of Lewis and Clarks 

 River, N. W. America." Collected by Douglas. 



Range: British Columbia to California in the coast region. 



Specimens examined: Montesano, Heller 3888; Seattle, Piper in 1885: Silvcrton, 

 Bouck 25; Whidby Island, Piper, April, 1898; upper Nisciually Valley, Allen .5u: without 

 locality, Henderson, May, 1892; Walla Walla, Nuttall. 



Zonal distribution: Humid Transition. 



7. Viola orbiculata Geyer; Hook. Lond. Journ. Bot. 6: 73. 1847. 

 Viola sarmentosa orbiculata A. Gray, Syn. Fl. 1: 199. 1895. 



Type locality: Coeur d'Alene Mountains, Idaho. Collected by Geyer. 

 Range: Idaho and adjacent Wa.shington. 



Specimens examined: Blue Mountains, //o/'zip/' 60: Usk, /v>m//e/' 369. 

 Zonal distribution: Arid Transition and Canadian. 



8. Viola nuttaim Pursh, Fl. 1 : 174. 1814. 



Viola linguaefolia Nutt.; Torr. & Gr.- Fl. 1: 141. 1S3S. 



Type locality: "On the banks of the Missouri." 



Range: British Columbia and Saskatchewan to California and Colorado. 



Specimens examined: West Klickitat County, Suksdorf 248; Fort Vancouver, Tolmie; 

 without locality, Cooper; near Fort Colvilk', Lyall in 1861 ; Spokane Valley, Lyall in 

 1861; Roy, Allen, May 6, 1889; Waterville, WMted 1216; Pullman, Hull 418; Spangle, 

 Sulcsdorf 248. 



Zonal distribution: Arid Transition. 



A very variable species and possibly, as here accepted, a complex of .several. More field 

 study and abundant .specimens are necessary to clear up this matter. 



8a. Viola nuttallii praemorsa (Dougl.). 



Viola praemorna Dougl. Bot. Reg. 16: pi. 125^. 1829. 



Type locality: "On the banks of the Columbia, and the plains of the River Aguilar, 

 in California." Collected by Douglas. 



Range: Washington to California in the coast region. 



Specimens examined: Whidby Island, Gardner '^{): Tacoma, Flett 17. 



8b. Viola nuttaUii major Hook. Fl. Bor. Am. 1: 79. 1830. 



Viola glareo.sa Dougl.; Hook. loc. cit. as synonym. 



Viola flavovirens Pollard, Bull. Torr. Club 24:-405. 1897. 



Type locality: "Abundant under the shade of pines on the dry sandy plains of the 

 Columbia." Collected by Douglas. 



Specimens examined: Blue Mountains, Horner .58; Spokane, Sandhere/ c& Leiherg 47; 

 near Almota, Piper 1715; Elllensburg, Whited, April 18, 1897. 



9. Viola venosa (S. Wats.). 



T'io/a aurea venosa S. Wats, in Brewer & Wats. Bot. Cal. 1: 56. 1876. 

 Viola nuttallii venosa S. Wats. Bot. King. Explor. 35. 1871. 

 Viola praemorsa venosa A. Gray, Syn. Fl. 1: 200. 1895. 



Type locality: "In the mountains from the West Humboldt to the Wahsatch, usually 

 near the snow line." 



