132 FLORA OF PHILADELPHIA. 



4. POLYGONELLA Michx. 

 1, POLYGONELLA ARTicuLATA (L.) Meish. M. p. 367. Sandy soil near the 

 coast. Summer. 



Order 10. OHENOPODIALES. 



Pruit a utricle (see also last genera of Caryophyllaceae). 



Flowers bractless, or, if bracted, the bracts not scarious; sepals green 

 or greenish. Fam. 1. Chenopodiaceae. 



Flowers bracted, the bracts, and also the sepals mostly scarious. 



Fam. 2. Amaranthaceae. 

 Fruit fleshy, enclosing several carpels; a berry. Fam, 3. Phytolaccaceae. 

 Fruit an anthocarp, the persistent base of the corolla-like calyx enclosing 



a utricle. Fam. 4. Nyctaginaceae. 



Fruit a capsule, dehiscent by valves, or teeth (utricular in Anychia, 

 Paronychia, and Scleranthus of the Caryophyllaceae). 

 Capsule 2-several-celled; petals none. Fam. 5, Aizoaceae. 



Capsule 1-celled; petals mostly present. 



Sepals 2. Fam. 6. Portulaccaceae. 



Sepals 5 or 4, distinct or united. Fam. 7. Caryophyllaceae. 



Family 1. CHENOPODIACEAE Duiiiort. Goosefoot Family. 



Embryo annular or conduplicate, not spirally coiled ; endosperm copious 

 (except in Salicornia). 

 Leafy herbs; endosperm copious. 



Flowers perfect or some of them pistillate ; calyx herbaceous or 

 fleshy. 

 Calyx herbaceous or but slightly fleshy in fruit ; flowers in 

 panicled spikes. 1. Chenopodium. 



Fruiting calyx dry, strongly reticulated ; leaves pinnatifid. 



2. Boubieva. 

 Calyx very fleshy and bright red in fruit; flowers densely 

 capitate. 3. Blitum. 



Flowers monoecious or dioecious; calyx of pistillate flowers none; 

 fruit enclosed by two bractlets. 4. Atriplex. 



Leafless, fleshy herbs with opposite branches; endosperm none. 



5. Salicornia. 

 Embryo spirally coiled; endosperm little or none. 



Fruiting calyx wingless; leaves fleshy, not spiny. 6. Dondia. 

 Fruiting calyx bordered by a thin horizontal wing; leaves very spiny. 



7. Salsola. 



1. CHENOPODIUM L. 



Embryo a complete ring. 



Leaves white-mealy on the lower surface. 



Leaves or some of them sinuate-toothed or lobed. 



Sepals strongly keeled in fruit. 1. C. album. 



Sepals not keeled in fruit; stems decumbent. 



2. C. glaucum. 

 Leaves mostly entire, narrowly linear or oblong. 



3. C. leptophyllum. 

 Leaves green and glabrous or nearly so on both surfaces when mature. 



Leaves oblong or ovate-oblong, entire. 4. C. polyspermum. 



Leaves, at least the lower, sinuate, toothed or incised. 

 Stamens 5; calyx not fleshy. 



Pericarp readily separable from the seed. 



5. C. Bosciawum. 

 Pericarp firmly attached to the seed. 



Flower clusters, at least the upper, longer than the 

 leaves. 



