90 TITHYMALOIDEiE, 



glands which have often a colored margin resembling a petal. Staminate 

 flowers many, of a single naked stamen jointed upon a short pedicel 

 which has often a minute bract at base. Pistillate flower 1, in the center 

 of the involucre, pedicellate and soon exserted from it, consisting of a 

 single 3-celled ovary, 3 forked styles and 6 stigmas each 2-lobed. Capsule 

 3-seeded. Seeds smooth, reticulate, rugose or pitted, with or without a 

 caruncle. 



* Stems erect ; stipules ; involucres in forked or umbellate lermiaal 



cymes ; glands flattened or convex ; seed carunculate. — 



Genus Tithymalus, Scopoli. 



-1— Glands crescent-shaped or ^-horned. 



1. E. Lathyris, Lmn. Sp. PI. 2d ed. i. 655 (1762) ; 1st ed. i. 457 (1753), 

 as E. Lathyrus. Annual or biennial, erect, stout, 1—3 ft. high, glabrous 

 throughout : leaves opposite, 4-ranked, linear-lanceolate, sessile, entire, 

 obtuse, cuspidate, 3—4 in. long : inflorescence bracted, the branches 

 twice or thrice dichotomous, the leaf -like bracts oblong-ovate : glands 

 crescent-shaped, with broad obtuse horns : capsule ig in. thick, the 

 lobes rounded, in age wrinkled : seeds reticulate rugose. Native of the 

 Mediterranean region ; spontaneous in middle California, as an escape 

 from gardens. 



2. E. EXiGUA, Linn. Sp. PL i. 456 (1753), partly ; Amoen. Acad. iii. 118 

 (1756). Annual, slender, glabrous, 3—10 in. high : leaves alternate, 

 linear, entire, acute or obtuse, the floral dilated at base and subcordate : 

 inflorescence lax, repeatedly dichotomous : glands semilunate, the horns 

 divergent: capsule smooth, scarcely a line wide: seed ovate-quadrangular, 

 whitish, minutely tuberculate.— A weed of the grain fields in Europe ; 

 reported as occurring at Santa Clara, B. F. Leeds. 



3. E. leptocera, Engelm. in Torr. Pac. E. Eep. iv. 135 (1857) : 



E. crenulata, Engelm. in Bot. Mex. Bound. 192 (1859). Annual or 

 biennial, erect and simple, or with decumbent basal branches, 1 ft. high : 

 leaves alternate, obovate-spatulate, obtuse, }4—l}4 in. long, entire or 

 erose-denticulate ; the floral opposite or ternate, broadly rhombic-ovate, 

 sometimes connate, acute, 3€— M in- broad : involucre turbinate, the 

 oblong lobes nearly entire ; glands large, crescent-shaped, the slender 

 horns entire or cleft : styles long, bifid : capsule 2 lines broad : seeds 

 ash-colored, oblong-ovate, dark-pitted, about !}{ lines long, prominently 

 carunculate.- -Common in bushy places either in sandy or clayey soil. 

 Mar.— Sept. 



-)— -1— Glands discoid, entire. 



4. E. dictyosperma, F. & M. Ind. Sem. Petrop. 37 (1835) : E. Arkansana, 

 E. & G. PI. Lindh. 53 (1845). Annual, erect, ^—IH ft- high, glabrous, 



