MALVACE.1;. 107 



4. MODIOLA., Munich. Prostrate and more or less creeping herbs 

 with pahnately divided leaves, and small flowers on long axillary 

 peduncles. Involncel 3-bracted. Calyx 5-cleft. Stamineal tube simple. 

 Stigmas capitate. Carpels numerous, '2-valved, partly 2-celled by the 

 intrusion of a horizontal valve-like process between the 2 seeds. 



1. M. Caroliniana, Don, Diet. i. 466 (1831) ; Gray, Gen. 111. ii. 72. t. 

 128 ; Linn. Sp. PI. 688 (1753), under Malia. Modiola muUifida, Moench. 

 Meth. 620 ( 1794). Stems several feet long, more or less hirsute, leafy and 

 flowering throughout : leaves of broad-ovate outline, truncate at base, 

 palmately and deeply 5 — 7-cleft, the segments siibdivided or coarsely 

 toothed : peduncles mostly solitary, 1 — 2 in. long, about eqiialling the 

 petioles : corolla 3^^ in. broad, purple-red : carpels lunate, much flattened, 

 hispid along the upper edge. — Naturalized at Auburn, Miss Harrison. 

 Native of the southern U. S. and West Indies. 



5. SIDA. Herbs with undivided leaves. Involucel (except in ours 

 where it is 3-bracteate as in the preceding). Calyx 5-cleft. Stamineal 

 tube simple. Stigmas capitate. Carpels 1-celled, 1 -seeded, dehiscent or 

 indehiscent, forming a short-conical fruit. Seed pendulous. 



1. S. hederacea, Torr. in Gray, PI. Fendl. 23 (1849) ; Dougl. in Hook. 

 Fl. i. 107 (1830), under Malra : ,S'. obliqva, T. & G. Fl. i. 233 (1838). 

 Perennial, stoutish, erect-spreading or prostrate, very leafy, }4 — 1 ft. 

 high, hoary- or yellowish -tomentose throughout : leaves short-petioled, 

 about 1 in. long, reniform, very oblique at base, plicate, serrate or crenate : 

 fl. axillary, solitary or several arranged paniculately, the pedicels slender, 

 at length deflexed : calyx subtended by 1 or 2 slender bractlets ; lobes 

 acuminate : corolla ^^ in. long, cream-color : fr. short-conical, smooth, 

 glabrous ; carpels 6—10, triangular, 1% lines long, attached by a straight 

 ventral edge to the slender axis.— A depressed hoary weed, very common 

 in low and subsaline clayey soils, throughout the interior of the State, 

 and along the seaboard near salt marshes southward ; apparently easily 

 propogated by its roots or rootstocks, springing up on railway embank- 

 ments remote from its native soil. The fruit is very seldom seen. The 

 author's many years' search for it has been rewarded with but a single 

 whorl of full grown carpels. The cause of the plant's sterility should be 

 enquired into. It is morphologically exceptional in either genus, Alalia 

 or Sida, in which men have placed it. 



6. MALVASTRUM, A. Gray. Herbaceous or shrubby (ours mostly 

 hoary-tomentose shrubs), with usually angular foliage, and solitary or 

 racemose-panicled flowers. Calyx with an involucel of 1—3 bractlets, or 

 none. Stamineal tube simple ; free filaments terminal and distinct. 

 Styles 5 or more ; stigmas capitate. Carpels 1 -seeded, bivalvate-dehisceut 

 or indehiscent. Seed ascending.— An artificial genus ; some species 

 taken out of Malra solely on account of the capitate stigmas ; others 



