HALORAGE^. 229 



Filaments elongated ; anthers reuiform, the cells ultimately confluent. 

 Styles 2, filiform, papillose. Fruit sessile or peduncled, 4-celled, more 

 or less carinate or winged on the margins, 4-lobed, the lobes united in 

 pairs, forming 2 discs with a groove between them, at maturity parting 

 into 4 compressed carpels, each 1-seeded. 



* Fruit pedicellatf. 



1. C. niarprinata, Torr. Pac. R. Rep. iv. 135 (1857) ; Mor. Bull. Torr. 

 Club, xviii. 235. Usually terrestrial and very small ; when aquatic the 

 submersed leaves linear, l-nerved, passing gradually into the emersed, 

 which are oblanceolate or spatulate, 3-nerved : styles elongated, reflexed, 

 deciduous : mature fruit on slender pedicels, often buried in the mud, 

 deeply emarginate at both ends, broader than high, the margins of the 

 thick carpels widely divergent and narrowly winged. — Common in low 

 grounds, among growing grain, etc., from San Mateo and Alameda 

 counties northward ; commonly terrestrial, but burying its fruit in the 

 wet earth. June. 



* * Fruit sessile. 



2. C. palastris, Linn. Sp. PI. ii. 969 (1753), essentially : C. verna, 

 Linn. Fl. Suec. 2d ed. 2 (1755) : C. aquatica, Huds. Fl. Angl. 439 (1762) : 

 C. paliens, S. F. Gray, Nat. Arr. 555 (1821). Usually aquatic, with linear 

 retuse or bifid submersed leaves, and spatulate or obovate emersed ones, 

 these rounded or truncate or retuse at apex, narrowed into a margined 

 petiole, and profusely dotted with stellate scales : fr. oblong, with a small 

 apical notch, and narrow-winged above, deeply grooved between the 

 lobes. — Credited to middle California generally ; but most of the speci- 

 mens perhaps belong to the next. 



3. C. Bolauderi, Hegelm. Bot. Ver. Brandenb. x. 116 (1868 ?) ; Mor. 

 1. c. 238. Coarser than C paltistris, with floating leaves obovate or 

 rhombic-obovate : styles twice as long as the fruit, subpersistent : fr. 

 roundish or obcordate with acute or obtuse closely approximated mar- 

 gins. — In vernal ponds and pools (terrestrial states not seen), from 

 Contra Costa Co. and Placer, northward. Apr. — June. 



4. C. stenocarpa, Hegelm. 1. c. 114. Mor. 1. c. 237. Floating leaves 

 obovate, rounded and entire at apex, 3-nerved, tapering to a short 

 margined petiole, with stellate scales ; the submersed linear, all of a pale 

 or dull green : styles erect, twice as long as the fruit, deciduous : fr. 

 much compressed, sharply winged, round-obovate, abruptly and deeply 

 emarginate. — In the Sierra Nevada, near Summit Station, Greene, and 

 near Mt. Stanford, Sonne; in cold deep pools in swampy meadow-lands. 



5. C. autninnalis, Linn. Fl. Suec. 2d ed. 2 (1755) : C. virens, Gold. 

 Act. Mosq. V. 119 (1817); S. F. Gray, Nat. Arr. ii. 556. Submersed, 



