242 VIOLAEIE^. 



when young : peduncles 3—10 in. high : fi. deep or pale purple or 

 violet ; petals 5 — 8 lines long, the lateral and often the lowest bearded ; 

 spur short and thick. — Sierra' Co., Anderson, Lemmon. 



3. V. ODOBATA, Renealm, Specim. 141. t. 140 (1611) ; Linn. Sp. PL ii. 

 934 (1753). Rootstock stout, branching, stoloniferous : leaves round- 

 cordate, obtuse, crenate, more or less villous or glabrate, on petioles 

 3 — 10 in. long : peduncles shorter than the leaves : fl. large, violet, 

 fragrant. — Occasionally spontaneous, as an escape from the gardens. 



* * Stems short or elongated, leafy. 

 -f— Leaves widivided; flowers not yelloiv. 



4. V. cauiiia, Linn. var. adniica, Gray, Proc. Am. Acad. viii. 377 : 

 T'. adunca, Smith, Rees Oycl. xxxvii (1817). Scarcely stoloniferous, 

 mostly tufted and low, 2 — 6 in. high, glabrous or piiberulent : leaves 

 ovate or ovate-oblong, with subcordate or almost truncate base, obtuse, 

 or rarely acutish, obscurely crenate, }4 — ^^6 i^- long ; stipules narrowly 

 lanceolate, lacerate-toothed : fi. rather large, violet turning to red- 

 purple ; lateral petals bearded ; spur variable, much shorter than the 

 petals, or quite as long, usually straight and obtuse, sometimes curved 

 and even acute. — In a low compact almost acaulescent state, with small 

 leaves and large long-stalked rich violet flowers, common on grassy 

 hilltops along the seaboard from San Francisco northward, flowering 

 in February and March. Less frequent in the Sierra Nevada from 

 Mariposa Co. northward ; the plant either subacaulescent and with short 

 blunt spur, or several inches high, with spur varying from acute to obtuse 

 and from long to short in the same localities. In the mountain forms 

 the flowers appear to be paler, and the leaves are always larger. The 

 leaves are less cordate and the whole plant more slender than in any 

 Old World varieties of the species ; and perhaps the T'. adunca of Smith 

 may be proven valid. 



5. V. ocellata, T. & G.Fl. i. 142 (1838). Erect or ascending, i^— 1 ft. 

 high, nearly glabrous, or pubescent : leaves cordate or cordate-ovate, 

 acutish, crenate, 1 — 2 in. long ; stipules scarious, entire or slightly 

 lacerate : petals .5 — 7 lines long, the upper ones white within, deep 

 purple without, the others pale yellow-veined with purple, the lateral 

 ones with a purple spot near the base, and slightly bearded. — From 

 Monterey northward, in woods of the Coast Range ; a very beautiful 

 plant and the Pacific Coast analogue of V\ Canadensis. 



6. Y. cuueata, Wats. Proc. Am. Acad. xiv. 290 (1879). Slender, 3—12 ■ 

 in. high, glabrous : leaves rhombic-ovate, acute, attenuate into a slender 

 petiole, somewhat crenately toothed above : petals deep purple, with 

 more or less white, 4 — 6 lines long, beardless, the broad short spur 

 yellowish : capsule glabrous. — Humboldt Co. and northward. 



H— -i— Leaves undivided; fl. yellow witliin, often brown-purple without. 



