278 rUMARIACE^, 



cent herbage, pinnatifid leaves, and loose leafy-bracted racemes of middle- 

 sized yellow flowers. Sepals concave, spreading, equal at base. Petals 

 spatulate-obovate. Stamens tetradynamous ; anthers rounded. Silique 

 sessile, elongated, more or less obcompressed, flat or inflated, without 

 partition, indehiscent or the valves (2 — 4 ! ) opening from above. — A 

 remarkable genus, peculiar to California, and so closely linking this 

 family to Capparidese that it might quite as well be placed under that 

 order, especially in view of the second species. 



1. T. gracile, Hook. Ic. t. 43 (1836). Erect, very slender, usually 

 only a few inches high, nearly glabrous: leaves linear, with opposite 

 pairs of linear segments, the floral similar but reduced: stamens very 

 unequal, all exceeding the short pistil : silique linear, 2 in. long, glabrous, 

 flat, indehiscent: seeds in 2 rows. Var. scabrinscnlnin. T. scabrius- 

 culum, Hook. 1. c. 52. Much larger, with many decumbent branches, and 

 roughish-pubescent throughout, even to the pods. — Foothills of both 

 ranges of mountains; and on the plains. 



2. T. capparideiiin, Greene, 217 (1888). Usually erect, less than a 

 foot high, simple, or with few ascending branches, the stem stoutish but 

 hollow: pods % — % in. long, linear-oblong, inflated, 2 lines wide, slightly 

 obcompressed (the cross section transversely elliptical), conspicuously 

 6-nerved; valves 4, 2 deciduous and 2 persistent, the dehiscence beginning 

 at the apex: seeds in 4 rows, i. e., 1 row along either margin of each of 

 the 2 persistent valves.— Abundant in low alkaline soil about the Byron 

 Springs, and near Bethany, at the eastern base of Mt. Diablo. 



Order XLIV. FUMARIACE/E. 



De Candolle Systema Naturale Eegni Vegetabilis, ii. 105 (1821). 



Tender glabrous often glaucous herbs, with a bland watery juice, 

 alternate pinnately or ternately divided or dissected leaves without 

 stipules, and racemose white purple or yellow flowers. Sepals 2, small, 

 decid^^ous. Petals 4, in 2 dissimilar pairs; one or both of the outer ones 

 saccate at base; inner pair cohering by the callous apex and enclosing 

 the anthers and stigma. Stamens 6, hypogynous; filaments in 2 parcels 

 placed opposite the outer petals, usually diadelphous; anther of the 

 middle stamen in each parcel 2-celled, those of the lateral 1-celled. 

 Ovary of 2 united carpels, 1-celled, with 2 parietal placentae; style filiform. 

 Fruit a several-seeded siliquose 2-valved 1-celled capsule, or indehis- 

 cent. — A small family, in some points closely analogous to Cruciferae; 

 but more related to the Papaveraceae, from which their irregular flowers 

 not very sufficiently distinguish them. 



1. CAPNORCHIS, Boerhaave. Perennials, with tuberiferous or gran- 



