316 UMBELLIFER^. 



long: calyx-lobes sbort-mucronate. — In swamps and wet meadows from 

 San Luis Obispo Co. to Plumas. 



5. E. Harknessii, Ourran, Bull. Calif. Acad. i. 153 (1885). Slender, 

 not rigid, dicbotomously brancbing, 2 — 1 ft. bigh: leaves mucb as in tbe 

 last, but blade of tbe lowest witb perfectly entire and unarmed margin; 

 cauline petiolate, sparingly soft-spinulose on tbe margin: beads round- 

 ovate, '}(i in. bigb, blue; bracts of tbe involucre longer tban tbe bead but 

 deflexed: calyx-segments subulate, pungently mucronate, equalling the 

 long styles. — In tbe Suisun Marsb, Bol.auder (1864), Greene, Curran (1883); 

 named by tbe latter, in compliment to Dr. Harkness. 



4. SANICULA, Brunfels (Sanicle). Grlabrous perennials (n. 1 bien- 

 nial), witb chiefly radical leaves, these mostly palmately divided and 

 sometimes subdivided. Flowers unisexual, in irregularly compound few- 

 rayed umbels; these involucrate witb sessile leaf -like usually toothed 

 bracts; the bracts of tbe involucels usually small and entire. Calyx-teeth 

 somewhat foliaceous, persistent. Fruit subglobose or obovoid, densely 

 uncinate-prickly or tuberculate; ribs obsolete; oil-tubes many. Seed 

 hemispherical. 



* Mature fruit pedicelled; leaves palnialely lohed or divided. 



1. S. Menziesii, H. & A.; Hook. Fl. i. 258. t. 90 (1833); Bot. Beech. 

 141 and 347 (1840). Biennial: stem solitary, erect, branching loosely 

 above, 2 — 5 ft. high: leaves 2 — 3 in. broad, of rounded outline, but witb 

 deep broad lobes and cordate base, the shining surf ace delicately rugose; 

 the 3—5 lobes sharply toothed, the teeth setaceously tipped; cauline 

 leaves parted or divided into about 3 narrow segments : involucre small, 

 of 2 or 3 narrow leaflets; tbe involucels of 6—8 lanceolate entire bracts 

 a line long: sterile fl. nearly sessile: fruits 4 — 8 in each bead, becoming 

 distinctly pedicellate and divergent, obovate, a line long or more, covered 

 with booked prickles. — Abundant in moist open woods, and along streams 

 in shade of thickets, throughout middle California toward the seaboard, 

 and far northward. May, June. 



2. S. arctopoides, H. & A.; Hook. L c. t. 91 (1833); Bot. Beech. 141 

 (1840). The whole herbage of a greenish yellow, and witb an offensive 

 odor: main stem simple, very short; the many scape-like flowering 

 branches at first depressed, later becoming elongated and divergent, 3—6 

 in. long, each bearing an umbel of 1 — 3 elongated rays: leaves deeply 

 3-parted, tbe lanceolate segments once or twice laciniately cleft: invo- 

 lucre of 1 or 2 leaflets; heads large, }4 ^^- broad, encircled by 8 or 10 

 oblanceolate mostly entire bracts which are yellow and resemble tbe rays 

 of a composite: fr. l^^ lines long, naked at base, strongly armed above. — 

 Plentiful on bleak hills near tbe sea, at San Francisco and far northward; 

 also here and there in tbe interior of California. Feb.— Apr. 



* * Mature fruit sessile; leaves palmately divided (except in n. 5). 



