UMBELLIFER^. 319 



of several short lauceolute bractlets: fr. sessile, pubescent, 2}^ lines long, 

 with inconspicuous ribs. — Mountains of Tulare Co., Palmer, southward to 

 San Bernardino, at great elevations. 



6. CONIUM, Litmxtis (Poison Hemlock). Tall glabrous biennial, 

 with large ternately-dissected thin leaves, and compound umbels of 

 small white flowers terminating the paniculate branches. Calyx-teeth 

 obsolete. Fruit broadly ovate, laterally compressed; carpels with 5 

 prominent obtuse often undulate or crenulate ribs, and no oil-tubes. 



1. C. MACULATUM, Linn. Sp. PI. i. 243 (1753). Root fusiform: stem 

 stout, fistulous, 3 — 7 ft. high, glaucescent, spotted with purple : leaves a 

 foot long or more, two-thirds as broad; segments J^ in. long, pinnatifid, 

 the lobes acute: umbels 12 -20-rayed: rays 1—1^^ in. long: fr. 1^^ lines 

 long, shorter than the jjedicels. — Waste grounds, in shady places; rather 

 rare in California, but of rank growth. 



7. SIUM, Dioscorides (Water Parsnip). Glabrous perennial aquatics, 

 with angled stems, pinnate leaves with leaflets pinnatifid or serrate, and 

 white flowers; the involucres and involucels of several bracts. Calyx- 

 teeth minute. Fruit oblong, ovate or nearly globose; ribs prominent or 

 obscure; oil-tubes few or many in the intervals. 



* Fruit with, corky rihs; oil-Lubes between them. — Sium proper. 



1. S. heterophyllum, Greene, Pittoma, ii. 102 (1890): S. cicutxfoUum, 

 Bot. Calif, i. 261 partly, not Gmel. Stem stoutish and brittle, strongly 

 angular and somewhat flexuous, 3 ft. high, from a cluster of fleshy fibrous 

 roots, these thickened below the middle: lowest leaves simple, 2 — 10 in. 

 long, rhombic-lanceolate, serrate or laciniate, on a stout fistulous petiole 

 which is still longer and usually submersed; the later radical 3-lobed or 

 -parted, thus passing to the cauline which are truly pinnate, but mostly 

 with only 2 or 3 pairs of leaflets, these broadly lanceolate, acute, serrate : 

 bracts of involucre broadly lanceolate, acute at each end: fr. \% lines 

 long, broadly ovoid; oil-tubes broad, solitary between the ribs, 2 on the 

 commissural side: cross-section of seed angular. — Common in brackish 

 swamps, under the influence of tide-water, at Suisun, Stockton, etc. 



2. S. cicutaefoliuiii, Gmel. Syst. ii. 482 (1791): S. lineare, Michx. Fl. 

 i. 167 (1803). Taller, more slender, less branching, not flexuous: leaves 

 all pinnate, the leaflets of the earliest often pinnatifid or even dissected 

 into filiform subdivisions, those of the later in 6 — 8 pairs, oblong-lanceo- 

 late to linear, 2 — 4 in. long, acTiminate, sharply serrate: involucre and 

 involucels of 6—8 linear bracts: fr. oblong, IV2 lines long; oil-tubes 

 narrower, 2 or 3 in each interval, 3 or more on the broad side. — On the 

 eastern slope of the Sierra northward, in Plumas Co., etc. 



* * Fruit with angled corky covering; oil-tubes beneath this. — ■ 



Genus Berula, Koch. 



