COMPOSITE. 365 



obovate to linear- fusiform ; pappus fuscous, of many capillary scabrous 

 bristles, with or without an outer series of short bristles or palese. 



* Heads radiate ; outer pappun setuse-squatnellale. — Chktsopsis proper. 



1. C. hispida, Nutt. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. vii. 316 (1840); Hook. Fl. 

 ii. 22 (1834), under Biplopnppus. Stems tufted, decumbent, 1 ft. long or 

 less, simple up to the terminal fastigiate corymb of heads : pubescence 

 all short, stiff and spreadii)g, not dense : leaves 1 inch long or more, 

 spatulate-oblanceolate, spreading, or even somewhat defiexed on the 

 stem, and with fascicles of smaller ones in the axils : heads }4 ^^- high. — 

 Near Summit Soda Springs, Placer Co.; not otherwise known in Califor- 

 nia ; but found by the railway near Verdi, in western Nevada, by Mr. 

 Sonne, where it may have been introduced from the Rocky Mountain 

 region, where it is common. July — Sept. 



2. ('. sessiliflora, Nutt, 1. c. Slender, sparsely pilose-hispid, viscid- 

 glandular : leaves oblanceolate, sharply pointed : corymbose branches 

 ending in about 3 subsessile heads }^ in. high, leafy-bracted at base : 

 bracts of involucre not pubescent but very viscid-glandular : acheues 

 slender-fusiform, silky-pubescent ; outer pappus slenderly squamellate. 

 — Santa Clara Co., and southward. June. 



3. C. Bolaiuleri, Gray, Proc. Am. Acad. vi. 543 (1865). Stoutish, J^ 

 — 1 ft. high ; pubescence long-silky : heads few and subsessile : bracts 

 of involucre not glandular, silky-villous : outer pappus of narrow palese 

 nearly half as long as the achene. — On stony hilltops toward the sea ; 

 flowering in summer. 



4. C. echioides, Beuth. Bot. Sulph. 25 (1844). Rigid, brittle, 2—3 

 ft. high, often suffrutesceut, hoary with a dense hirsute and hispid 

 pubescence : leaves rigidulous, small : heads less than I3 in. high, in 

 short fastigiate corymbs ; bracts hirsutulous : achenes silky but the 

 hairs not appressed : setulose outer pappus not conspiciious. — Sandy 

 plains, and banks of streams, from Solano Co. southward, east of the 

 mountains. Aug. — Oct. 



* * Rays none; outer pappus obsolete. — Genus Ammodia, Nutt. 



5. C. rudis, Greene, Man. 174 (1894), and Eryth. ii. 106. Erect, 1—3 

 ft. high, rigid, brittle, rough-hairy but not hoary, glandular, heavy- 

 scented: involucres in a narrow leafy panicle: bracts of involucre acute, 

 midrib prominent, margin scarious: achenes oblong, pubescent ; pappus 

 copious, slender, scabrous, seldom a trace of the short outer series. — 

 Common along stream banks ; heretofore referred to C. (Ammodia) 

 Oregana, from which it is altogether distinct. July — Oct. 



