372 COMPOSITE. 



coriaceous, closely imbricated, the tips herbaceous but appressed, obtuse 

 or acutish. Corollas permanently yellow; tube slender; limb ventricose, 

 the segments being more or less strongly connivent about the style, 

 the pubescent appendages of which are ovate or somewhat narrower. 

 Achenes short, compressed or subterete, silky-pubescent. Pappus- 

 bristles numerous, unequal, the inner longest and often perceptibly 

 flattened and awn-like, hardly scabrous, 



1. I. vernonioides, Nutt. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. vii. 320 (1840). Bige- 

 loria Menziesii, Gray. Glabrous or loosely pvibesceut, 2—4 ft. high, 

 erect: leaves oblauceolate, more or less serrate, 1 — 2 in. long, often with 

 many fascicled ones in the axils: heads 4 lines high, campanulate; bracts 

 of involucre obtusish : pappus-bristles stout, none very perceptibly 

 flattened. — Common shrub of S. Calif., foitnd at Black Point, San 

 Francisco, where it may have been introduced accidentally. 



2. I. arguta, Greene, Man. 175 (1894). Branches 6—10 in. high, 

 more or less pubescent or hirsute below, glabrous above, leafy through- 

 out; leaves diminishing upwards, the lowest 1 in. long, all broadly 

 oblauceolate, of coriaceoias texture, with saliently spreading coarse and 

 acute or mucronate teeth: heads i^ in. high, turbinate, 12— 15-flowered: 

 inner pappus-bristles distinctly flattened and tapering very gradually 

 from base to apex.— Subsaliue plains east of the Vaca Mts., iu Solano 

 Co., Jepson. 



3. I. acradenia, Greene, Eryth. ii. Ill (1894); Bull. Torr. Club. 

 X. 126 (1883), under Bigelovia. Very many slender stems 1—2 ft. high 

 forming tufts from a woody base: leaves spatulate-linear, entire: heads 

 glomerate-cymose, 4 lines high, 10— 20-flowered: involucre campanulate; 

 the obtuse apex of the oblong bracts with a protuberant rounded 

 resiniferous gland: bristles of the pappus rigid, very unequal. — Western 

 borders of the Mohave Desert. 



16. EUTHAMIA, Cassini. Erect glabrous perennials, very leafy, 

 the branching more or less distinctly corymbose. Leaves nearly linear, 

 entire, pellucid punctate. Heads small, clustered at the ends of the 

 branches. luvolucral bracts firm, imbricated, glutinous. Flowers per- 

 manently yellow; those of the ray about twice as many as those of the 

 disk. Achenes short, turbinate, villous-pubescent. 



1. E. occidentalis, Nutt. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. vii. 326 (1840); T. & 



G. Fl. ii. 226 (1842), under Solidago. Somewhat paniculately branching, 

 3—6 ft. high: leaves lanceolate-linear, obscurely 3-nerved: bracts of 

 involucre linear-lanceolate, acute: rays 16—30; disk-flowers 8— 14, their 



