COMPOSITE. 399 



pressed subcartilaginous base, and ample white scarious upper portion, 

 tliis spreading in age. Style in the staminate flowers cleft at apex. 

 Pappus a single series of slender bristles, in the sterile flowers slightly 

 c'lavellate. 



1. A. iiiargaritacea, Benth. & Hook. Gen. ii. 303 (1873); Linn. 

 Sp. PI. ii. 850 (1753), under Gnaphalium. Stems erect, 1—3 ft. high, from 

 slender creeping rootstocks: leaves lanceolate or linear-lanceolate, 2— 4 

 in. long, ascending, tapering at both ends, thinnish, woolly on both 

 faces, but less so above: scarious main portion of involucral bracts 

 ovate-lanceolate. Var. occidentalis. Stem more leafy, the leaves ses- 

 sile by a broad auriculate-clasping base, glabrous and shining above, 

 spreading rather than ascending on the stem. — Type common in the 

 higher mountains. The very marked variety as common among sand 

 hills of the seaboard from at least middle California to Alaska. 



35. GNAPHALIUM, Linmeus, partly. Ploccose - woolly. Leaves 

 sessile, entire. Heads cymosely clustered, white, yellowish or rose- 

 tinted. Receptacle flat, naked. Bracts of involucre scarious, imbricated. 

 At least the outer flowers (usually all of them) fertile. Achenes terete 

 or flattiah. Pappus a single series of scabrous capillary bristles. 



* Pappus-bristles not uniled at base, falling separately. 



■i- Inrolucre woolly only at base; heads paniculately or corymbosely glom- 

 erate at summit of stem and branches; leaves more 

 or less adnale-decurrent. 



1. G. raiiiosissimum, Nutt. PI. Gamb. 173 (1848). Biennial, erect, 

 2—6 ft. high, paniculately much branched above the middle, tlie panicle 

 often rather narrow and virgate: herbage glandular and very sweet- 

 scented, only tbe stem slightly arachnoid, the leaves green on both faces, 

 distinctly decurrent: heads only two lines high, reddish; bracts oblong- 

 lanceolate, acutish. — Wooded hills along the seaboard. July — Oct, 



2. G. Californicuiu, DC. Prodr. vi. 224 (1837). Stoutish, 2—8 ft. 

 high, biennial, the leaves diminishing in size towards the broad cymose 

 terminal loose cluster of large rather dull white heads: leaves lanceolate, 

 glabrate above, glandular and balsamic-scented, very obviously adnate- 

 decurreut: outer bracts of the involucre ovate or oblong, the inner 

 acute. Common on dry hills in places partly shaded. May — July. 



3. G. luicrocephaliim, Nutt. Biennial, slender, with several erect 

 branches 2 ft. high or more, loosely corymbose -paniculate above, the 

 whole herbage white with a persistent wool, not at all glandular or 



