COMPOSITE]. 409 



6. W. mollis, Gray, Proc. Am. Acad. vi. 544 (1865). White with 

 tioccose wool when youDg, 1 — 3 ft. high, with 1 or more heads: involucre 

 rather narrow; bracts unequal, the oiater larger: leaves oblong and 

 ovate: achenes pubescent at summit; pappus a truncate chaffy crown, 

 with also 1 or more siibulate awns. — Eastern slope of the Sierra. 



7. W. aiigustlfolia, Nutt. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. vii. 352 (1840). 

 Stems scapiform, with a few reduced leaves toward the base, 1 — 2 ft. 

 high, more or less hirsute: radical leaves 1 — li;2 ft- h'Ugi elongated- 

 lanceolate, acuminate at both ends: head naked; bracts of involucre 

 many, broadly linear or lanceolate, foliaceous, loose, ciliate with villous 

 or hirsute hairs: achenes crowned with 1 — 4 stout hirsute awns, with 

 some short intervening scales. — Very common on dry plains and low 

 hills. May, June. 



51. HELIANTHUS, Linnietts. (Sunflower.) Annuals and peren- 

 nials, flowering in summer and autumn. Leaves simple, the lowest of 

 them opposite. Heads peduncled. Rays conspicuous, yellow. Disk- 

 corollas yellow or dark purple, with short tube and long cylindric 

 throat. Chaffy bracts of receptacle partly embracing the compressed- 

 quadrangular or 2-edged achenes. Pappus a pair of caducous thin 

 scales, with occasionally a few smaller intervening ones. 



-* Annuals S — H feet high. 



1. H. leiiticularis, Dougl. in Bot. Reg. t. 1265 (1829): H. ovatus, 

 Lehm? (1828): H. annuus, Linn.?? (1753). Robust, hispid or scabrous: 

 stem often 1 in. thick at base, mottled or spotted with purple: leaves 

 ovate, acute or acuminate, more or less regularly serrate, 4 — 10 in. long, 

 petiolate: involucral bracts broadly ovate to oblong, aristiform-acumi- 

 nate: dark-purple disk 1 in. or more in diameter: rays often 2 in. long.— 

 Plains of the San Joaquin, but probably introduced from the Rocky 

 Mountain region. The supposition that this is the parent of H. annuus 

 seems to us too much a mere speculation. July — Oct. 



2. H. Bolanderi, Gray, Proc. Am. Acad. vi. 544 (1865): H. scaber- 

 rimus, Benth. (1844), not of Elliott (1824). Not as stout, a yard high, 

 scabrous-hispid: leaves ovate to oblong- lanceolate, entire or coarsely 

 serrate, 2 — 5 in. long: disk 1 in. wide or less, brownish-yellow; rays 

 about 1 in. long: chaff of receptacle subulate-aristiform, equaling the 

 disk-flowers. — Sonoma Co., and northward and eastward. June— Sept. 



3. H. exilis, Gray, 1. c. 545. More slender, seldom a yard in height: 

 leaves lanceolate to ovate-lanceolate, sparingly denticulate, tapering 

 into a slender petiole: cusp of the chaff a slender awn surpassing the 



