410 COMPOSITE. 



disk-flowers.— Lower Sacramento plains; thence northward. July — 

 Sept. 



* * Perennials, the roots more or less tuberiform; stems 6 — 10 feet high. 



4. H. Californicus, DC. Prodr. v. 589 (1836). Stem very leafy 

 throughout: leaves lanceolate, entire or serrate, 6 — 12 in. long, short- 

 petioled: heads about % in. high in a terminal corymbose panicle: invo- 

 lucral bracts linear-subulate, often somewhat hirsiite: rays over an in. 

 long: disk-corollas cauescently puberulent toward the base: achenes 

 glabrous; palese of the pappus broadly lanceolate. — Plentiful along 

 streams, and borders of marshes. Aug. — Nov. 



5. H. Doii^lasii, T. & G., Fl. ii. 332 (1842). Stems branching, his- 

 pidulous; upper rhomboid-oblong to spatulate-lanceolate, tapering into 

 winged petioles, obtuse, entire, 1 — 2 in. long: heads }o, in. high: invo- 

 lucral bracts mostly foliaceous, hispidulous; outer narrowly oblong, 

 obtuse, reflexed or spreading, longer than the disk; innermost shorter, 

 erect, acute or acuminate: rays % in. long; chaff entire.- Obscure and 

 long lost species, collected only by liouglas, near Santa Clara, sixty 

 years since. 



52. HELIANTHELLA-, Torr. cfe Gray. Low subacaulescent peren- 

 nials, with habit of some eastern Helianthi; differing from that genus in 

 the more compressed and thin-edged achenes, either with no pappus, or 

 one of a pair of chaffy awns with some delicate squamellse between 

 them. 



1. H. Califoriiica, Gray, Pac. R. Rep. iv. 103 (1857). Minutely 

 hirsute-piibescent, slender, 2 ft. high, sometimes branching: all save the 

 radical leaves opposite, all tapering into petioles and of spatulate- 

 lanceolate outline: heads foliaceous-bracted, the disk J'^ in. wide: rays 

 % in. long: achenes black, obovate-oblong, smooth and glabrous, obcor- 

 date at summit, narrowly margined.-— Common at considerable elevations 

 among the Coast Range hills of Marin and Contra Costa counties and 

 northward. May — Aug. 



2. H. castanea, Greene, Eryth. i. 127 (1893). Stouter, seldom a foot 

 high, rough-pubescent with short spreading hairs: leaves scabrous, 

 lanceolate, nearly equaling the stem; heads nearly 2 in. wide; rays 1 in. 

 long: achenes cuneate-obovate, neither strongly compressed nor thin- 

 edged, those of the ray thicker and triquetrous, all dull-black at base, 

 chestnut-brown above the middle; apical notch short and deep. — Sum- 

 mit of Mt. Diablo. June. 



