COMPOSITE. 453 



and by roadsides, chiefly in the interior; only occasional near the 

 seaboard. May, June. 



SJ). CHRYSANTHEMUM, Malthiolus. Herbs of various habit and 

 folia^'e. Heads large, with yellow or white rays. Receptacle flat or 

 hemispherical, naked. Achenes glabrous, 5 — 10-ribbed all around. 



1. C. Leucanthemum, Linn. Sp. PI. ii. 888 (1753). (Ox Eye Daisy.) 

 Tufted perennial, the decumbent base of the branches very leafy, the 

 long monocephalous peduncle only leafy -bracted: leaves spatulate- 

 obovate, more or less deeply and incisely serrate: bracts of the broad 

 low-hemispherical involucre with a narrow dark-red margin: rays many, 

 showy, pure white; disk yellow. — Common weed of European and East 

 American meadows, now established in some valleys of our middle 

 Sierra region. 



2. C, segetum, Lobel, Obs. 298 (1570). Annual, erect, 1—2 ft. high, 

 with few ascending leafy monocephalous branches: leaves somewhat 

 fleshy, glabrous, glaucous, oblong, incisely serrate, the upper sessile by a 

 clasping base: heads yellow, 2 in. wide including the rays: disk-achenes 

 compressed, corky-winged. — Rather common in fields and by waysides 

 above West Berkeley, and east of Oakland. 



3. C. Pakthenium, Pers 8yn. ii. 462 (1807); Linn. Sp. PI. ii. 890 

 (1753), under Matricaria. (Feverfew.) Biennial, erect, 1 — 2 ft. high, 

 stoutish, branching, puberulent: leaves thin, pinnately parted, the oval 

 or oblong divisions incised or toothed: rays white, obovate, 2—3 lines 

 long: pappus a minute crown. — Only occasionally spontaneous; an 

 escape from the gardens. 



4. C. Indicum, Linn. Sp. PI. ii. 889 (1753). Perennial, erect, leafy up 

 to the somewhat corymbosely panicled summit, more or less cinereously 

 pubescent : leaves petiolate, of ovate-outline, variously but usually 

 deeply incise-pinnatifid and the lobes toothed: bracts of the hemi- 

 spherical involucre obtuse and with a broad scarious margin : rays longer 

 than the disk, the colors various. — The much admired garden Chrysan- 

 themum, escaping from cultivation in several localities 



90. MILLEFOLIUM, Touruefort. Erect perennial herb, with pin- 

 nately multifld lanceolate leaves, and small heads in a dense terminal 

 cymose corymb. Chaff of receptacle membranaceous. Rays few, short 

 and broad, white, or reddish. Achenes obcompressed, callous-margined, 

 glabrous, destitute of pappus. 



