476 COMPOSITiE. 



1. S. HisPANicus, Linn. Sp. PI. ii. 813 (1753). Stem several feet high, 

 pubescent, interruptedly winged by the decurrent leaf -bases: heads 

 somewhat spieately crowded in the axils of the upper leaves: flowers 

 yellow: aeheue beakless; pappus of few unequal scales. — Plentiful near 

 Los Gatos, 3[iss Cannon; apparently of recent introduction. 



113. CARDUUS, Tournefort. (Thistle) Stout herbs, mostly bi- 

 ennial. Leaves mostly sessile or decurrent, and with sharply spinose 

 lobes or teeth. Heads large, ovoid or subglobose; the pluriserial and 

 imbricated involucral bracts usually prickly-tipped. Receptacle densely 

 villous-setose. Flowers all alike, crimson, purple or white, the segments 

 of the corolla long and linear-filiform. Acheues obovate or oblong, 

 compressed, smooth, not striate; pappus a single series of long and 

 barbellate or plumose slender bristles concreted at base and deciduous 

 in a ring, often clavellate-dilated at the naked tip. 



* Bracts of ' involucre with dilated and squarrose-spreading tips; heads 



short-peduncled. 



1. C. fontinalis, Greene, Proc. Philad. Acad., 1892, p. 363 (1893); Bull. 

 Calif. Acad. ii. 151 (1886), under Cnicus. Stout, 2 ft. high, the widely 

 spreading branches ending in middle-sized nodding heads: stem and 

 upper surface of leaves glandular-pubescent: bracts of the involucre 

 herbaceous, broad, squarrose-spreading or recurved, abruptly acute, with 

 a short spinose tip and no glandular spot: flowers dull white: anther 

 tips acute. — Along streamlets and in springy places about Crystal 

 Springs, San Mateo Co.; a very peculiar seemingly local species. July. 



* * Only the outer involucral bracts squarrose; terminal spine in all erect. 



■•— Heads not conspicuously loag-peduncled, 



2. C. remotifolius, Hook. Fl. i. 302 (1833). Loosely arachnoid when 

 young, glabra te in age, 3 — 5 ft. high; leaves from sinuately to deeply 

 pinnatifid: heads on long rather slender peduncles, \% in. high, ovate; 

 bracts rather loose and thin, linear-lanceolate, the outer narrowed to a 

 small weak prickle, the middle ones more or less cartilaginous and 

 lacerate as well as somewhat .dilated toward the tip; the inner linear- 

 subulate with narrow fimbrillate scarious margin: corollas ochroleucous, 

 the limb only a third as long as the throat. — Marin Co. 



8. C. callilepis, Greene, 1. c. 358. Stem and leaves much as in the 

 last: beads pedunculate, depressed-globose, barely 1 in. high: bracts of 

 the involucre in many series and closely imbricated, the outer broadly 

 obovate, all except the innermost exposing round-ovoid tips with deeply 

 lacerate scarious or sub cartilaginous margins, and an abrupt short rigid 



