COMPOSITE. 477 



erect terminal spine ; the very innermost with lanceolate scarious- 

 margined and fimbrillate tips: flowers small, ochroleucous, the limb of 

 the corolla only a third as long as the throat.— Mt. Tamalpais and 

 northward, along the coast. 



4. C. amplifolius, Greene, 1. c. 363; Pittouia, i. 70 (1887), under 

 Cnicus. Somewhat tleshy, green and glabrous except a sparse arachnoid 

 tomentum on the lower face of the leaves: stem stout, 3—4 ft. high: 

 leaves very broad and ample, conspicuously decurrent, the ample lobes 

 crowded and overlapping each other, trifid and spiuose-ciHate: heads 

 short-peduncled and clustered, U£ in. high, leafy-bracted at base; the 

 outer bracts loosely spreading and arachnoid, the inner more appressed 

 and glabrous, their spinose tips often refiexed: corollas of a rich bright 

 purple, their linear obtuse lobes much shorter than the throat.— On 

 stream banks back of Point San Pedro. 



5. C. crassicanlis, Greene, 1. c. 357. Very stout and tall, 4—7 ft. 

 high: stem strongly striate, simple to near the summit, there becoming 

 rather close-paniculate, with 3 -7 short-peduncled heads 1^2-2 in. high: 

 herbage permanently hoary-lanate: leaves small, pinnately parted, the 

 segments spine-tipped and the whole margin spinulose-ciliate: involucral 

 bracts rather loose, linear-lanceolate to lanceolate-acuminate, all tipped 

 with a slender spine, the outer and middle ones with pectinate-spinescent 

 margins: segments of the whitish or pinkish corolla about as long as the 

 throat.— Abundant in moist grassy bottoms of the lower San Joaquin. 



6. C. edulis, Greene, 1. c. 362; Nutt. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. vii. 420 

 (1841), under Cirsium. Eobust, 3—6 ft. high, pubescent, leafy up to the 

 short panicle: leaves oblong or narrower, sinuate -pinnatifid, weakly 

 prickly: heads 1}^ in. high, depressed-globose, leafy-bracted at base: 

 involucre arachnoid when young: corollas deep but dull purple; segments 

 shorter than the throat.— Along streams in the Coast Range. 



■i— H— Heads solitary on stout peduncles. 



7. C. Califoniicus, Greene, 1. c. 359; Gray, Pac. E. Rep. iv. 112 



(1857), under Cirsium. Rather slender, 2—4 ft. high, canescently woolly : 

 leaves sinuate-pinnatifid, moderately prickly, heads middle-sized, the 

 lower bracts coriaceous-acerose, spreading and incurved, the others 

 straight, all subulate-spiuescent at the tip: corollas lilac-purplish or 

 reddish, lobes shorter than the throat.— Mt. Diablo Range, and foothills 

 of the Sierra in Stanislaus Co., thence southward. June, July. 



8. C. Audersonil, Greene, 1. c; Gray, Proc. Am. Acad. x. 44 (1874), 

 under Cnicus.. Scarcely woolly except as to the lower face of the thin- 



