478 COMPOSITE. 



nish scarcely pinnatifid, ofteu merely toothed leaves: stem 2 — 3 ft. high, 

 slender, only sparingly leafy above the base: heads 1 — 3, loug-peduncled: 

 bracts of the almost turbinate involucre narrowly lanceolate, gradually 

 attenuate, merely spinescent at the erect tips, the inner ones very long 

 and thin: lobes of the crimson corolla about equaling the throat: style 

 with long filiform appendage and indistinct node. — Subalpine woods 

 and open places in the Sierra Nevada. July — Oct. 



9. C. Andrewsii, Cnicus Andrewsii, Gray, Proc. Am. Acad. x. 45 

 (1874). Probably tall and paniculate, the loose wool deciduous except 

 from the heads: cauliue leaves lanceolate, laciniate-pinnatifid: involucres 

 1 in. high or more, their bracts with coriaceous oblong-ovate base, 

 abruptly contracted into an aristiform spinescent appendage, the whole 

 involucre cobwebby: corolla whitish, its lobes twice the length of the 

 throat: anther tips deltoid, acute. — Known in but a single imperfect 

 specimen supposed to have been obtained somewhere in middle Cali- 

 fornia. 



10. C. caiKlidlssinius, Greene, 1. c. 359. Stout, erect, 2—3 ft. high, 

 densely and permanently white arachnoid-tomentose throughout; leaf- 

 outline as in the last; heads few, on shorter and stouter pediincles, 2 in. 

 high; outer bracts of the involucre with dilated and closely appressed 

 base and squarrose rigid linear-acerose spinescent tip, all densely 

 arachnoid-tomentose; flowers crimson; pappus an inch long, plumose 

 almost throughout.— Dry hills along our northeastern borders; also 

 along the seaboard at Santa Barbara. June— Aug. 



11. C. veiiustus, Greene, 1. c. Stoutish, 3 ft. high, the foliage per- 

 manently arachnoid-tomentose: heads large (2 in. high), terminating 

 long and almost naked pedunculiform branches: involi;cre glabrate, the 

 many subcoriaceous bracts with closely appressed base, and long lance- 

 olate-subulate abruptly short-spinescent tips: corollas bright crimson, 

 the segments longer than the throat: pappus-bristles barbellate above 

 the plumose part, the tips scarcely dilated. — Foothills of the Coast and 

 Mt. Diablo Ranges. May, June. 



12. C. occidentalis, Nutt. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. vii. 418 (1841). Stout, 

 2 — 3 ft. high; peduncles stout, rather short: leaves deeply pinnatifid, 

 glabrate above, canescently tomentose beneath: involucre subglobose; 

 bracts straight, subulate-lanceolate, with short spines, the whole mass 

 densely festooned with remarkably distinct cobwebby hairs: corollas 

 red-purple: anthers distinctly bisetose and lacerate at base: pappus 

 somewhat scanty. — Sandy hills along the seaboard only. May — Aug. 



