34 VIOLACEJE. (violet FAMILY.) 



* * * Flowers yellow. 



9. V. rotundifolia, Miclix. Nearly smooth ; leaves broadly cordate, 

 lonjfer tluiii the short petioles; lateral petals bearded — Mountains of North 

 Carolina and northward. — Rhizoma slender, bearing runners. Leaves flat on 

 the ground. Petals striped -with purple. 



§ 2. Leaves and Jlowers home on manifest stems : perennials. 

 * Steins leafy throughout. 



10. V. Muhlenbergii, Ton-. Primary stems erect, the later ones pros- 

 trate ; leaves broadly cordate or reniform, crenate and roughened with minute 

 elevated points, the uppermost acute; stipules fringed ; spiirobtuse, half as long 

 as the pale purple petals ; lateral petals bearded. — Damp shades in the upper 

 districts and northward. 



Var. multicaulis, Ton-. & Gray. Stems all prostrate and creeping ; 

 leaves smaller, roundish, obscurely crenate, purple-veined. — Dry rocks and hills 

 in the lower districts. March and April. — Stems slender, 4' -6' long. 



11. V. striata, Ait. Stems ascending ;. leaves cordate, serrate, rough- 

 ened as in No. 10, the uppermost often acute ; stipules large, fringed ; spur 

 thick, shorter than the large cream-colored petals ; lateral petals bearded, the 

 lower striped with purple. — Mountains of Georgia and northward. April. — 

 Stems 10' - 12' high. Peduncles elongated. 



12. V. Canadensis, L. Tall ; leaves large, broadly cordate, acuminate, 

 coarsely serrate, longer than the peduncles ; stipules nearly entire ; spur very 

 short; petals white, externally purplish, the lateral ones bearded. — Rich soil 

 along the mountains of North Carolina and northward May - August. — 

 Stems l°-2° high. 



* * Stems leafy at the summit : stipules entire. 



13. V. hastata, Michx. Smooth or hairy ; leaves rhombic-ovate, hastate - 

 .3-lobed, or the lower ones 3-parted (V. tripartita, Ell.), serrate and commonly 

 acute ; flowers small, yellow ; lateral petals bearded, the lowest striped with 

 purple; spur very short. — Shaded hill-sides, Florida and northward. April 

 and May. — Stem 6'- 12' high. Stipules small. 



14. V. pubescens. Ait. Downy or woolly ; leaves broadly cordate, 

 coarsely serrate, mostly acute ; stipules large ; spur very short ; flowers yellow, 

 the lower petals veined with purple, bearded. — Dry rocky soil in the upper dis- 

 tricts, and northward. April. — Stems 6' - 1 2' high. Capsules sometimes villous. 



^ 3. Stems leafy : root annual. 



15. V. tricolor, L., var. arvensis, DC. Stems branching ; lowest 

 leaves roundish, the upper lanceolate, entire ; stipules leafy, pinnatifid ; flowers 

 small, yellow and purple. — Cultivated ground. Introduced. — Stem 6' high. 



2. SOLEA, Ging. 



Sepals not produced at the base. Petals unequal, the lowest one gibbous at 

 the base and 2-lobed at the apex, the others smaller. Stamens with the filaments 

 united and produced above the anthers, the two lower ones glandular at the 



