160 TJ.MUELLIFER^. (rARSLEY FAMILY.) 



lobed or toothed leaves, and white or blue bracted flowers closely sessile in 

 dense heads. 



* Fruit scaly : stems erect. 



1. E. yuccaefolium, Michx. Leaves linear, concave, bristly or some- 

 what spiny on the margins, parallel-veined ; leaves of the involucre mostly 

 entire, shorter than the broadly ovate head ; bracts entire. — Pine barrens, most- 

 ly in damp soil, Florida, and northM'ard. June. 1|. — Stem 2° -3° high. 

 Leaves distant, the lowest ones 1° - H° long. Flowers white. 



2. E. Ravenelii, Gray. Leaves linear, elongated, nearly terete, grooved 

 on the upper surface, obscurely denticulate ; leaves of the involucre 3-cleft, as 

 long as the head ; bracts 3-cleft, spine-pointed, longer than the flowers. — Low 

 pine barrens, neat the head-waters of Cooper river. South Carolina. Ravenel. 

 Sept. and Oct. — Stem 1^° - 3° high. Flowers Avhite. 



3. E. Virginianum, Lam. Leaves linear-lanceolate, flat; the lowest 

 ones spiny-serrate with the teeth incurved, or nearly entire, veiny ; the upper 

 narrower, spiny or pinnatifid; leaves of the involucre (blue) 3-5-cleft, longer 

 than the head ; bracts 3-cleft, as long as the flowers. — Marshes, Florida to 

 Mississippi, and nortliward. July. U oi^ ® — Stem 2° - 3° high. Flowers 

 blue. 



4. E. prsealtum, Gray. Leaves lanceolate, flat, veiny, serrate ; the up- 

 per ones linear, spiny-toothed; leaves of the involucre 2-3 times as long as the 

 head ; bracts tricuspidate, barely as long as the mature calyx. (E. Virginia- 

 num, Ell.) — Fresh marshes near the coast, Georgia to North Carolina. August. 



— Stem. 4°-C° high. Lowest leaves l°-2° long and 2|^'-3' wide. Flowers 

 white. 



5. E. virgatum, Lam. Leaves short, oblong or oblong-ovate, serrate, 

 tlie upper ones toothed or divided ; leaves of the involucre entire, or with 2-4 

 bristly teeth, longer than the head ; bracts 3-toothed. (E. ovalifolium, J//cAx.) 



— Pine-barren swamps, Florida to North Carolina, and westward. August. — 

 Stem l°-2° long. Leaves 2' -3' long, sometimes cordate. Flowers blue. 



* * Fruit granular : stems diffuse. 



6. E. aromaticum, Baldw. Stems clustered, prostrate, very leafy; 

 leaves spatulatc, pinnately lobed, cartilaginous on the margins ; the 3 upper 

 lobes broad and spine-pointed, the lower ones scattered and bristle-like ; leaves 

 of the involucre 3-cleft, longer than the globose head ; bracts 3-toothed. — Dry 

 pine ban-ens, East and South Florida. Sept. — Stems 1' long. 



7. E. Baldwinii, Spreng. Small, prostrate, branching ; leaves thin ; the 

 earliest ones ovate, sharply serrate or toothed, long-petioled, the others 3-parted, 

 with the middle segment lanceolate and commonly 3-toothed ; leaves of the in- 

 volucre subulate, longer or shorter than the oblong head ; bracts spatulate, ob- 

 tuse, barely exceeding the calyx. — Low sandy pine ban-ens, Georgia, Florida, 

 and westward. September. ®? — Stems 5'- 10' long. Flowers blue. 



8. E. Cervantesii, Laroch. Stems prostrate, diffusely branched ; earli- 

 est leaves lanceolate or oblong, entire, or sparingly toothed, long-petioled, the 

 others sessile, 3-parted, with the segments linear or filiform and entire; leaves 



