MUSTARD FAMILY 73 



Mountain slopes, 6500 to 9800 feet : San Bernardino Mts. May, f r. June. 

 Locs.— Bear Valley, Parish 234, 1793, 3751; Sugarloaf Mt., Feirson 3101. 

 Eefs. — Arabis parishii Wats. Proc. Am. Acad. 22:468 (1887), type loc. Bear Valley, San 

 Bernardino Mts., Parish; Jepson, Man. 433 (1925). 



17. ERYSIMUM L. Wall Flower. 



Erect stoutish biennials or perennials, simple or with few branches. Leaves 

 narrow, entire or dentate. Flowers large, orange to light yellow. Sepals narrow, 

 equal at base or the lateral saccate. Petals with slender claws and obovate limbs. 

 Pod linear, flattened, with 1-nerved valves, or 4-sided. Seeds in 1 row, numerous, 

 not margined. — Species about 90, north temperate zone. (Greek name of a garden 

 plant. ) 

 Stems simple. 



Flowers cream-color or yellowish; pods flattened parallel to the partition; littoral 



1. E. capitatum. 



Flowers orange; pods 4-sided; mostly interior 2. E. asperum. 



Stem profusely branched from the base; flowers yellow; pods thickened; insular 3. E. insulare. 



1. E. capitatum Greene. Dune Wall-flower. Biennial; stem erect, simple 

 (rarely with 1 or 2 branches above), stout, % to 1% (or 3) feet high, leafy; herb- 

 age puberulent; leaf -blades narrowly oblong, entire or repand-dentate, gradually 

 contracted to a petiole, the whole 1 to 3 inches long; flowers cream-color to yellow- 

 ish, rarely white, at first sub-capitate, the axis elongating in fruit and becoming a 

 raceme; pods spreading or divaricate, 1^ to 3i/^ inches long, l^^ lines wide, 

 abruptly short-pointed; valves flattish, ] -nerved; seeds broadly oblong to orbicular, 

 sometimes with narrow margin. 



Bluffs and dunes along the coastline, 1 to 100 feet : Los Angeles Co. to Del 

 Norte Co. North to Puget Sound. Mar.-Apr. 



Locs. — Hermosa, Los Angeles Co., Braunton 299; Monterey, Chandler 352; Bodega Pt., 

 Sonoma Co., Eastwood; Humboldt Bay, Tracy 2031; Crescent City, Howell. 



Refs.— Erysimum capitatum Greene, Fl. Fr. 269 (1891), Man. Reg. S. F. Bay 21 (1894); 

 Jepson, Fl. W. Mid. Cal. 218 (1901), ed. 2, 185 (1911), Man. 433 (1925). Cheiranthus capitatus 

 Dougl.; Hook. Fl. Bor. Am. 1:38 (1829), type loc. rocky places of the Columbia River near the 

 sea, Douglas; Greene, Pitt. 3:131 (1897). Hesperis menziesii Hook. Fl. Bor. Am. 1:60 (1830), 

 type from Cal., Mensies (cf. Eastwood, Lflts. W. Bot. 1:88,-1934). E. grandiflorum Nutt.; T. 

 & G. Fl. 1 :96 (1838), type loc. Pt. Pinos, Monterey, Nuttall. Cheiranthus grandiflorus Hel. Muhl. 

 1:145 (1906). C. asper C. & S.; B. & W. Bot. Cal. 1:35 (1876), not Nutt. E. concinnum Eastw. 

 Zoe 5:103 (1901), type loc. Mendocino, H. E. Brown 708. E. ammophilum Hel. Muhl. 1:51 

 (1904), type loc. Seaside, Monterey Co., Heller 6650. Cheirinia ammophila Hel. I.e. 8:96 

 (1912). 



2. E. asperum DC. Western Wall Flower. (Fig. 139.) Biennial or peren- 

 nial; stem erect, simple, rarely branching above, leafy and with a dense rosette at 

 base (the basal leaves often broader than the upper), 1 to 21^ feet high; herbage 

 strigulose, the hairs often stellately 3-parted ; leaf-blades narrowly linear to nar- 

 rowly oblong (2 to 6 lines wide and 1 to 4 inches long, or the uppermost shorter), 

 entire or sharply dentate, usually drawn down to a slender petiole %o to % as long; 

 flowers and young fruit ascending; corolla orange, 8 to 10 lines wide; pods 4-sided, 

 ascending or widely spreading, commonly 2 to 4l^ inches long, 1 line wide, con- 

 tracted at apex to a style % to 1 line long; seeds oblong, turgid, often slightly 

 winged at one end. 



Common on rocky hills and mountains and desert floors, less common in valleys : 

 throughout California. North to Canada, east to Illinois and Texas. Mar.-Apr. 



Geog. distribution. — Erysimum asperum is one of the widely distributed species of seed 

 plants in California, occurring in both the Sierra Nevada and Coast Ranges, and also sometimes 

 in the neighborhood of the sea. While it is seen not infrequently on the mesas or on the plains 

 of coastal Southern California, we have never met it on the valley floor proper of the Great Valley. 

 The altitudinal range is also very remarkable, since the species itself occurs from 50 to 9600 feet, 

 while the var. perenne reaches as high as 12,500 feet. 



