138 SAXIFRAGACEAE 



persistent. Calyx tubular, \\\\]\ f) niuHiual lobes (2 large, 3 small), deeply cleft 

 down ono side, with protnuliiitj: pistil. Stamens 2 or 3, with broad filaments, in- 

 serted in throat of ealyx o|»|)osile the ujiper and lateral lobes. Calyx narrow. 

 Ovary free from the calyx, lonj^r-oblonc:, attenuate at base, 2-cleft at apex; placentae 

 2, parietal; styles 2, slender. Capsule membranous, with 2 diverging equal beaks, 

 tapering at ba.se. — Species 1. (Dr. W. F. Tolmie, medical officer of the Hudson 

 Bay Co. at Fort Vancouver in 1832 and after, botanical collector.) 



1. T. menziesii T. & G. Stems slender, V/o to 2^4 feet high; leaf -blades round- 

 cordate or cordate-ovate, lobed, irregularly serrate, ll^ to 3^^ inches broad; flowers 

 4 lines long. 



Mountain streams near the coast, 50 to 2500 feet: Santa Cruz Mts.; Mendocino 

 Co. to w. Siskiyou Co. North to Alaska. July-Aug. 



Biol. note. — Adventitious buds are commonly produced at the summit of the petioles of the 

 basal loaves and often also on the cauline leaves. They fall away, take root and thus multiply 

 the plant vogetativoly. The calyx is ordinarily bilabiate in form, the sepals occurring in two 

 unequal sets. The 3 upper sepals, spreading upwards and backwards, are of the same length, 

 while the 2 equal lower sepals are turned downwards. 



Locs.— Boulder Creek, Santa Cruz Mts., W. I. FoUett; Mendocino City, Bolander 4792; 

 Booths Run, se. of Eureka, M. S. Baker 154; Areata, Chesnut ^ Brew; Martin Ranch, South 

 Fork, Trinity River, Jcpson 2013; Weitchpek, Klamath River, Blasdale; Indian Creek, Siskiyou 

 Mts., Jepson 2940. 



Refs.— TOLMiEA MENZIESII T. & G. Fl. 1:582 (1840); Jepson, Man. 464 (1925). Tiarella 

 menziesii Pursh, Fl. 313 (1814), type loc. Bank's Isles, Northwest Coast, Menzies. Eeuchera 

 menziesii Hook. Fl. Bor. Am. 1:237 (1834). Leptaxis menziesii Raf. Fl. Tell. 2:76 (1836). 



13. CHRYSOSPLENIUM L. Golden Saxifrage 



Low herbs with leafy stems, ours perennial and with opposite leaves. Flowers 

 solitary, small, greenish-yellow. Calyx rotate, 4-lobed. Petals none. Stamens 

 4 or 8. Capsule 1-celled, with 2 parietal placentae. — Species about 40, North and 

 South America and Europe, but chiefly Asia. (Greek chrysos, gold, and splen, 

 spleen, the plants used medicinally.) 



1. C. glechomaefolmm Nutt. Stems ascending, 5 to 10 inches long; leaf- 

 blades roundish, crenate, truncatish and entire at base, 3 to 7 lines long; flowers 

 1% to 2 lines broad. 



"Wet mucky ground in shade, 5 to 200 feet : coast of Mendocino and Humboldt 

 Co. North to Briti.sh Columbia. Apr. 



Locs. — Navarro River, Edith Byxbee ; Eureka, Tracy 4888. Portland, Ore., Henderson 314. 



Eefs. — CHRYSOSPLENIUM GLECHOMAEFOLiuM Nutt. ; T. & G. Fl. 1:589 (1840), type loc. 

 "Oregon", that is on the Columbia River, Scolder; Jepson, Man. 464, fig. 458 (1925). C. scouleri 

 Rose, Bot. Gaz. 23:277 (1897), resting on C. oppositifolium var. scouleri Hook. Fl. Bor. Am. 

 1:242 (1840), type loc. "Columbia River on the Northwest Coast", Scolder. 



14. PARNASSIA L. Grass of Parnassus 



Glabrous perennial herbs with entire petioled leaves in a basal tuft. Stems 

 scape-like, bearing a single terminal white flower and commonly a single small 

 sessile leaf. Sepals slightly united at base. Petals greenish- or yellowish-veined, 

 each bearing at base a cluster of gland-tipped sterile filaments. Stamens 5, alter- 

 nate with the petals. Ovary 1-celled; stigmas 4 (or 3), sessile, opposite the same 

 number of placentae. Capsule 3 or 4-valved, the valves placenta-bearing along 

 their middle. — About 19 species, north temperate and arctic regions. (Called 

 Grass of Parnassus by Dioseorides, from Mt. Parnassus.) 



Petals entire, not clawed, many-veined; leaf -blades ovate, cuneate at base 1. P. palustris. 



Petals fimbriate at the basal sides, clawed, few-veined. 



Leaf -blades oval; petioles broad, 6 to 12 lines long; staminodia 2 lines long; bract ovate 



2. P. cirrata. 



Leaf -blades cordate to reniform; petioles 2 to 5 inches long; staminodia % line long; bract 



cordate 3. P. fimbriata. 



