ROSE FAMILY 169 



Locs. — Eedwood Creek, e. of Trinidad, Humboldt Co., Tracy 4749 ; Martra ranch, South Fork 

 Trinity Eiver, Trinity Co., Jepson 2011 ; Slate Creek, Sacramento Eiver, Shasta Co., Brewer 1446; 

 Hurdy Gurdy Creek, Del Norte Co., M. S. BaTcer 299c ; Log Lake, Shacklef ord Creek, Siskiyou Co., 

 Butler 280. 



Kefs. — ^Arunctts SYLVESTER Kost. Ind. Hort. Prag. 15 (1884),- Jepson, Man. 480 (1925). 

 Spiraea aruncus L. Sp. PI. 490 (1753), type from Austria. Var. acuminatus Jepson. Spiraea 

 acuminata Dougl. ; Hook. Fl. Bor. Am. 1 :173 (1834), as synonym, type loc. mouth of the Columbia 

 Eiver, Douglas. Aruncus acuminatus Eydb. N. Am. Fl. 22:255 (1908). 



8. RUBUSL. 



Ours bushes, either prickly or unarmed, the stems erect, or long and trailing, or 

 climbing. Leaves simple, or pinnately compound with 3 to 5 leaflets. Bractlets 

 wanting. Calyx-lobes 5. Petals 5. Stamens numerous. Pistils many, crowded 

 on an elevated receptacle, becoming drupelets which are united to each other and 

 form the aggregate fruit called a blackberry or raspberry. — Species about 300, all 

 continents but chiefly in the forested regions of the north temperate zone and in 

 the high mountains of tropical America. (Latin name, allied to ruber, red.) 



Bibliog. — Focke, W. O., Species Euborum. Monographiae generis Eubi prodromus (Biblio. 

 Bot. 17'-: 1-223,— 1910-11; 19^:1-274,-1914). Berger, Alwin, The systematic botany of the 

 edible brambles, in "The small fruits of New York" (N. Y. State Agr. Exp. Sta. Eep. 1925, part 

 2:23-85,-1925). 



Shrubs. 



Fruit conical or hemispherical, concave beneath, the drupelets parting from the receptacle 

 as a whole when ripe. 



Stems unarmed; leaves simple, palmately lobed 1. -B. parviflorus. 



Stems prickly; leaves 3-foliolate. 



Flowers red; leaves pubescent or sUky beneath 2. B. spectabilis. 



Flowers white; leaves white-tomentose beneath 3. B. leucodermis. 



Fruit oblong, the drupelets persistent upon the receptacle ; leaves mostly 3 to 5-f oliolate, a 



few simple; stems and leaves very prickly 4. B. vitifolius. 



Herbs; stems trailing, unarmed; leaves 3 (seemingly 5) -f oliolate 5. B. pedatus. 



1. R. parviflorus Nutt. Thimble-berry. Stems erect, 3 to 6 feet high; bark 

 eventually shreddy; leaves deciduous, the blades circular in outline, palmately 5- 

 lobed, cordate at base, unequally serrate, 3 to 7 inches broad, puberulent to almost 

 glabrous, the petioles and stems hispidulose and more or less glandular; flowers 

 about 4 to 7 in terminal corymbs, white (rarely pinkish) , 1 to 3 inches broad; calyx- 

 lobes 5, sometimes 6 or 7, ovate, terminated by a tail-like or sometimes foliaceous 

 appendage ; petals of the same number as the calyx-lobes, elliptic ; berry scarlet, 6 

 to 8 lines broad. 



Common along caiion streams and in open woods : Southern California moun- 

 tains and Sierra Nevada, 2300 to 7000 feet; hill country near the coast, 50 to 2000 

 feet. North to Alaska, east to Michigan and New Mexico. Apr.-July. 



Note on variation. — Eubus parviflorus is, within California, constant in habit and in essential 

 characters but variable as to amount of leaf pubescence. The form (a) with nearly glabrous 

 leaves, occurring beyond our borders in the Great Basin, enters California in Modoc Co. (Lake 

 City canon, Austin J- Bruce). A slightly pubescent form (b) ranges, at 2300 to 7000 feet, south 

 in the Sierra Nevada (Colby, Butte Co., B. M. Austin; Lincoln Valley, Sierra Co., Kennedy 191; 

 Truckee, Sonne 73; Gold Kun, Placer Co., K. Brandegee; Amador Co., Eansen; Calaveras Big 

 Trees, Breioer 1606; Yankee Hill, Tuolumne Co., A. L. Grant 670; Yosemite, Alice King; Hunt- 

 ington Lake, A. L. Grant 1416; Mt. Moses, Tulare Co., Purpus 1347) to the Tehachapi Mts. 

 (Greene), and the Southern California mountains ("Waterman Canon, San Bernardino Mts., 

 Parish 11,398; Dark Canon, San Jacinto Mts., Jepson 2278), and from Modoc Co. west to Shasta 

 Co. (Bartles, M. S. Baker), Mt. Shasta (Cedar Spr., Jepson 13,879), the high North Coast Eanges 

 (Humbug Mt., Siskiyou Co., Butler 1438 ; Balm of Gilead Creek, se. Trinity Co., Cronemiller 699) 

 and the coast of Del Norte Co. (Crescent City, ShocMey). Shrubs with slightly more leaf pubes- 

 cence (c), in indefinitely numerous and varying degrees, occur in the Sierra Nevada (Pleasant 

 Valley, Piute Creek, Tuolumne Eiver, Jepson 3394) and Southern California mountains (Santa 

 Inez Mts.; Little Eock Creek, San Gabriel Mts., Peirson 1958; Deep Creek, San Bernardmo Mts., 

 Chandler; Bear Valley, San Bernardino Mts., ATunz 10,541 ; Strawberry Valley, San Jacmto Mts.; 

 Cootca, Palomar Mt., Jepson 1510) and Coast Eanges (Sisson, Siskiyou Co., H. E. Brown 312; 

 North Fork Coffee Creek, Trinity Co., Alexander ^ Kellogg 233 ; Trinidad, n. Humboldt Co., Geo. 



