170 ROSACEAE 



Parrish; Eureka, Tracy 799; Comptche, Mendocino Co., //. A. Walker 273). The most pubescent 

 form (d), huvinp leaves velvety to the touch on the under side and the young shoots, petioles and 

 pedicels more pubescent with spreading hairs (var. velutinus CJrecne), occurs mostly in the coastal 

 region, 10 to 2000 feet, from the northern to tlic southern limits of tlie statf and reaches its highest 

 development or center of distribution in the central coast region (Ft. Bragg, W. C. Mathews 

 104; Mendocino City, BoJander 4771; Tt. Keyes, Davy ()873; Mt. Tamalpais, Chandler 270; 

 Berkeley, Jepxoti ; Alpine School, San Mateo Co., Elmer 421t4 ; Brookdale, Santa Cruz Mts., Elsie 

 Zeile; Little Arthur Creek, w. of Gilroy, Jepson 9G80; San Juan, San Benito Co., Brewer 718; 

 Davis Cauou, San Luis Obispo, Gondii), and in a usually less velvety form northward (Brannan 

 Mt., Humboldt Co., Tracy 3432) and southward (Palomar Mt., San Diego Co., T. Brandegee). 



The degree of pubescence on the leaves has only an obscure relation to the geographic dis- 

 tribution of Kubus parviflorus varieties within the state. The lightly pubescent form occurs 

 mainly in the Sierra Nevada, high mountains of cismontane Southern California and in the 

 northerly part of the North Coast Range area. The velvety form is most marked in the central 

 coast region. The intermediate form is probably absent from the southern Sierra Nevada liut 

 occurs elsewhere in the range of the species in California, though absent from or infrequent in 

 the South Coast Eanges. Intergrades arc so numerous and represent differences so slight in 

 degrees of pubescence that essentially equivalent specimens might readily be referred to different 

 categories. It is incredible that on the basis of pubescence any two segregations, by independent 

 investigators, would give the same result. And yet the two extremes stand: the almost glabrous 

 type in northeastern Modoc Co., markedly different in pubescence from the extremely velvety form 

 of the San Francisco Bay region. 



Refs. — RuBUS PAKviFLORUS Nutt. Gen. 1:308 (1818), type loc. "Island of Michilimackinac, 

 Lake Huron"; Jepson, Fl. W. Mid. Cal. ed. 2, 206 (1911), Man. 481, fig. 476 (1925). R. nutlcanus 

 Moc. ; DC. Prod. 2:566 (1825), type from Nootka, Vancouver Isl., Mocino. B. nuikanus var. 

 nuUalUi T. & G. Fl. 1:450 (1840). Eubacer parviflorum Rydb. Bull. Torr. Club 30:274 (1903). 

 Bossekia parviflora Greene, Lflts. 1:211 (1906). Ruins nutkanus var. parviflorus Focke, Biblio. 

 Bot. 17:124 (1911). R. nutkanus var. scopulorum Greene; Focke, Biblio. Bot. I.e., type loc. 

 southern Colorado, leaves nearly glabrous, some of the glands sometimes subsessile. Var. velu- 

 tinus Greene, Bull. Torr. Club 17:14 (1890) ; Jepson, Fl. W. Mid. Cal. 279 (1901). Rubus velu- 

 tinus H. & A. Bot. Beech. 140 (1832), type loc. San Francisco, Lay 4' Collie; not R. velutinus Vest 

 (1823). R. nutkanus \Sir.velutin'nsBTe\\.; B. & W. Bot. Cal. 1 :172 (1876). Rubacer tomentosum 

 Eydb. BuU. Torr. Club 30:274 (1903). Rubacer velutinus Hel. Muhl. 1:106 (1904). 



2. R. spectabilis Pursh. Salmon-berry. Stems erect, 3 to 9 feet high, with 

 reddish-broAvn bark and sparingly armed, or the canes (sterile shoots) ver>'' 

 prickly; prickles short, straight; young stems, petioles and midribs and veins of 

 blades puberulent; leaves 3-foliolate, deciduous; leaflets ovate, doubly serrate, often 

 more or less lobed, 1 to 31/2 inches long; flowers 1 to 3 in a cluster, 1 to 1% inches 

 broad; petals red; berry ovoid, red or yellow, glabrous, 7 to 9 lines broad. 



Margins of woods and along streams, mostly in the vicinity of the ocean, 5 to 

 900 feet : Mendocino Co. to Humboldt Co. North to Alaska. Apr.-May. 



Locs. — San Francisco, Alice King ; betw. Scotville and Kenny's, nw. Mendocino Co., Jepson 

 2208 ; Eureka, Tracy 1001 ; Berry's ranch, Redwood Creek, n. Humboldt Co., Tracy 6192. 



Var. menziesii Wats. Leaves silky-pubescent beneath or merely villous. — Santa Cruz Mts. 

 to Humboldt Co. Apr.-May. In the northerly part of its range this form is less common than 

 the species. 



Locs. — Pilarcitos Creek, San Mateo Co., Davy 1061 ; Spanish Town, San Mateo Co., Elmer 

 4788; Olema, Marin Co., Jepson; Pt. Reyes, Greene; Stewarts Pt., Sonoma Co., M. S. Baker; 

 Russian River (at mouth), M. S. Baker; Scotia, Humboldt Co., Chandler 1096; Eureka, Blasdale. 



Refs. — Rubus spectabilis Pursh, Fl. 348, t. 16 (1814), type loc. "banks of the Columbia," 

 Lewis; Jepson, Man. 481 (1925). Parmena spectabilis Greene, Lflts. 1:244 (1906). Rubus 

 stenopetalus Cham.; Choris, Voy. Pitt. Kamtch. 2:10 (1822), type loc. Unalaska, Aleutian Isls., 

 Chamisso. Var. menziesii Wats. Bot. Cal. 1:172 (1876), "near San Francisco and northward; 

 Punta de los Reyes," Bigelow; Jepson, Fl. W. Mid. Cal. 280 (1901), ed. 2, 207 (1911), Man. I.e.; 

 not R. menziesii Hook. (1830). R. ursinus Torr. Pac. R. Rep. 4:85 (1857) ; not R. ursinus C. & S. 

 (1827). Parmena menziesii Greene, Lflts. 1:244 (1906). Rubus franciscanus Rydb. N. Am. Fl. 

 22:441 (1913). 



3. R. leucodermis Dougl. Western Raspberry. Stems in the first year vigor- 

 ous and erect ("canes"), bearing 5 to 7-foliolate leaves, in the second year bearing 

 short leafy flowering branchlets with 3-foliolate leaves and bending over and be- 

 coming straggling; stems and petioles armed with prickles; herbage glacous; 

 leaves partly persistent through winter, the leaflets round-ovate to ovate-lanceolate, 



