PEA FAMILY 383 



form with a tuft of hairs below the stigma all around or sometimes only on the back. 

 Pod fiat, 2 to several-seeded. Seeds globose, the funiculus expanded above to cover 

 the hilum, thus arillate. Cotyledons remaining under ground in germination. — 

 Species about 200, all continents except Australia. (Classical Latin name.) 



Annuals or biennials. 



Flowers 5 to 10 lines long. 



Flowers many in dense racemes; corolla crimson 1. V.villosa. 



Flowers 1 to 2 in the axils, subsessile; corolla-banner purple, wings red 2. V. sativa. 



Flowers 1% to 3 lines long. 



Pods pubescent, 2-seeded; calyx-teeth hirsutulose, longer than the tube 3. V. hirsuta. 



Pods glabrous. 



Calyx-teeth subglabrous or hirsutulose, about equaling (rarely a little longer than) 



tube; pods 4 to 6 lines long, 3 to 6-seeded 4. V. tetrasperma. 



Calyx-teeth pubescent, about 1^4 as long as tube; pods 11 to 12 lines long, 4 or 



5-seeded 5. F. exigua. 



Perennials ; flowers several to many, in a raceme on an elongated peduncle. 



Leaflets 8 to 12 ; peduncles 3 to 8-flowered ; flowers bluish and whitish ; pods not blackening 

 in drying. 



Herbage glabrous or nearly so; stems straightish 6. F. americana. 



Herbage finely pilose-pubescent ; stems zigzag 7. F. calif ornica. 



Leaflets 16 to 30 ; peduncles 7 to 18-flowered. 



Corolla reddish-purple; pods 1% inches long, blackening in drying 8. F. gigantea. 



Corolla blue-purple; pods % inch long, not blackening 9. F. cracca. 



1. V. villosa Roth. Crimson Vetch. Stems 2 to 4 feet long, mostly simple, 

 from an annual or biennial root; herbage puberulent; leaves nearly sessile; leaflets 

 16 to 24, oblong to linear, 4 to 12 lines long; peduncles axillary, shorter than or 

 equaling the leaves; racemes dense, 2 to 2V2 inches long; flowers 5 to 7 lines long, 

 becoming reflexed; corolla crimson, fading indigo-blue; banner cordate at apex, 

 at base shortly spurred; pods glabrous, % to 1^4 inches long, 4 to 4I/2 lines wide. 



Fields, native of Europe, escaped from cultivation, 20 to 2500 feet: Coast 

 Ranges; Sierra Nevada foothills. May. 



Locs. — Berkeley, David Goddard 165 in 1928 ; Suisun, Jepson 16,253a in 1932 ; Bridgeville, 

 Humboldt Co., Tracy 4085 in 1913 ; Nigger Gulch, Columbia, Tuolumne Co., Jepson 6417 in 1915 ; 

 Alder Creek near Folsom, Alice King in 1920 ; Mono Lake, Peirson 7582. 



Kef.— ViciA VILLOSA Eoth, Tent. Fl. Germ. 2^:182 (1789), type European. 



ViciA ATROPURPUREA Desf. Fl. Atlant. 2:164 (1800), type loe. Algiers. Purple Vetch. 

 Similar to V. villosa ; racemes usually looser ; pods hairy. — Cultivated from the Old World, some- 

 times adventive: Hydesville, Humboldt Co., Tracy 6701. 



2. V. sativa L. Common Vetch. Lentil Tare. Stems slender, 1^ to 2% 

 feet high; leaflets 6 to 12, glabrous, or the margins slightly ciliate, oblong or nar- 

 rower, often cuneate, truncate or retuse, mucronate, % to 1 inch long; stipules 

 small, toothed ; flowers solitary or geminate, nearly sessile, the pedicels 1 line long 

 at most; corolla 8 to 10 lines long; banner purple, wings red; calyx-teeth subulate- 

 setaceous, longer than the tube; pods II/2 inches long; seeds 1^2 lines in diameter, 

 the hilum extending less than ^4 the distance around the seed. 



Naturalized from Europe in fields or edges of thickets, 25 to 1200 feet : mostly 

 near the coast from Humboldt Co. to San Luis Obispo Co. ; occasional in the Great 

 Valley and in Southern California. Apr. 



Locs. — Eureka, Tracy 1202 ; Scotia, Humboldt Co., Davy 5548 ; St. Helena, Jepson 13,612 ; 

 Glen Ellen, Sonoma Valley, Jepson 4190; Italian Bar, Tuolumne Co., Jepson 6364; Clements, ne. 

 San Joaquin Co., Jepson 1823a ; Berkeley, Davy 6552 ; Mission San Jose, Jepson 2470 ; Gilroy, 

 E. Ferguson 301; San Luis Obispo Co., Summers 213; Los Angeles (Erythea 1:59) ; San Bernar- 

 dino, Parish 5771. 



Eefs.— ViciA SATIVA L. Sp. PI. 736 (1753), type European; Jepson, Fl. W. Mid. Cal. 296 

 (1901), ed. 2, 237 (1911), Man. 581 (1925). 



ViciA FABA L. Sp. PI. 737 (1753). Broad Bean. Very leafy annual, 1 to 2 feet high; 

 herbage glabrous; tendrils none or rudimentary; flowers 1 to several in the axils; corolla dull 



